Abstract
There are only a few reports examining the impact of oxidative stress in patients with benign and malignant brain tumors. In this study we investigated whether there are changes in antioxidant system (AOS) parameters and key trace elements between control, benign and malignant brain tissues. The study also aimed to examine correlations between the analyzed parameters. The study enrolled both types of brain tumors, benign tumors (BT) and malignant tumors (MT). The results were compared with control tissue (CT) without tumor infiltration collected from patients with BT. The following antioxidant parameters were determined: activities of total, manganese-containing, and copper/zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (TotSOD, MnSOD and CuZnSOD), activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase and acetylcholine esterase (AChE), the concentrations of glutathione and sulfhydryl groups and of manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se). BT and MT had altered activities/levels of multiple AOS parameters as compared to CT, indicating that tumor cells had an altered cell metabolism and changes in AOS represent adaptive response to increased oxidative stress. Low MnSOD and AChE and high GST activities were significant for distinguishing between MT and CT. Malignant tissue was also characterized by lower Mn and Cu concentrations relative to CT and BT. Principal Component Analysis clearly discriminated BT from CT and MT (PC1, 66.97%), while PC2 clearly discriminated CT from BT and MT (33.03%). Most correlative relationships were associated with Se in the BT group and Cu in the MT group. The results of this study reveal differences between the AOS parameters and the essential trace elements between the analyzed groups. The observed dysregulations show that oxidative stress could have an important role in disrupting brain homeostasis and its presence in the pathogenesis of benign and malignant brain tumors.
Highlights
There are only a few reports examining the impact of oxidative stress in patients with benign and malignant brain tumors
The activities of antioxidant enzymes and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) and the concentrations of GSH and sulfhydryl groups (SH) are presented in Table 1, with the statistics provided in Supplementary Table S1
The obtained results show that the activities of TotSOD and MnSOD were significantly lower in the benign tumors (BT) group in comparison to the control tissue (CT) group (P = 0.028 and P = 0.047, respectively), while the activity of TotSOD was higher in the malignant tumors (MT) group as compared to the BT group (P = 0.038)
Summary
There are only a few reports examining the impact of oxidative stress in patients with benign and malignant brain tumors. In this study we investigated whether there are changes in antioxidant system (AOS) parameters and key trace elements between control, benign and malignant brain tissues. The study aimed to examine correlations between the analyzed parameters The study enrolled both types of brain tumors, benign tumors (BT) and malignant tumors (MT). BT and MT had altered activities/levels of multiple AOS parameters as compared to CT, indicating that tumor cells had an altered cell metabolism and changes in AOS represent adaptive response to increased oxidative stress. The observed dysregulations show that oxidative stress could have an important role in disrupting brain homeostasis and its presence in the pathogenesis of benign and malignant brain tumors. Several biological effects of these elements can be explained by their ability to catalyze the initiation of free radical reactions (Fenton’s reaction) or the decomposition of peroxides and other unstable molecules, allowing the propagation of deleterious reactions involving free r adicals[8]
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