Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are clinically validated drug-delivery carriers. However, clinical data on intravenously administered LNPs are limited compared with those on intramuscularly administered LNPs (mRNA vaccines against COVID-19). Here, we reviewed three clinically tested intravenously administered LNPs (patisiran, mRNA-1944, and NTLA-2001). We summarize the differences and similarities in their formulations, mechanisms of action, and pharmacokinetics profiles. In humans, patisiran and mRNA-1944 exhibited similar multiphasic pharmacokinetic profiles with a secondary peak in the RNA concentration. siRNA (patisiran) and mRNA (mRNA-1944) exhibited prolonged blood circulation and were detectable for more than 28 days after a single administration. We further summarize the basics of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and discuss the potential linkages between LNPs and EVs. This Review provides an understanding of the human clinical data of intravenous LNP formulations, which can be potentially explored to develop next-generation LNP-and EV-based drug delivery carriers.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
