Abstract
BackgroundPlacental soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) which is an antagonist of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor (PIGF), is considered as one of etiology factors cause endothelial damage in preeclampsia due to increase of sFlt-1 level that change vascular endothelial integrity. This study aims to analyze the difference of sFlt-1 and PlGF concentration in severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy, and the correlation between both in occurrence of severe preeclampsia.MethodThis is case control study involving 18 subjects with severe preeclampsia and 19 subjects with normal pregnancy as controls who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Concentration of sFlt-1 and PlGF are measured with ELISA. Statistical analysis is performed with Chi square test, Fisher’s exact test, T test, Mann–Whitney test, and Spearman’s rank correlation test.ResultsThis study results in no significant difference in characteristics of gestational age, and parity in both study groups. Median concentration of sFlt-1 in severe preeclampsia is higher (20,524.75 pg/mL) compared with normal pregnancy (6820.4 pg/mL). Concentration of PlGF is lower in severe preeclampsia (47 pg/mL) compared with normal pregnancy (337 pg/mL). sFlt-1 concentration is higher in severe preeclampsia compared to normal pregnancy. PlGF concentration is lower in severe preeclampsia compared to normal pregnancy. Ratio of sFlt-1 and PlGF concentration is significantly correlated in both severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy.ConclusionsThere is a significant negative correlation between the concentration of sFLt-1 and PlGF in normal pregnancy.
Highlights
Placental soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 which is an antagonist of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor (PIGF), is considered as one of etiology factors cause endothelial damage in preeclampsia due to increase of sFlt-1 level that change vascular endothelial integrity
Concentration of Placental growth factor (PlGF) is lower in severe preeclampsia (47 pg/mL) compared with normal pregnancy (337 pg/mL). sFlt-1 concentration is higher in severe preeclampsia compared to normal pregnancy
PlGF concentration is lower in severe preeclampsia compared to normal pregnancy
Summary
Placental soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) which is an antagonist of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor (PIGF), is considered as one of etiology factors cause endothelial damage in preeclampsia due to increase of sFlt-1 level that change vascular endothelial integrity. Gestational hypertension is one of some most common complications in pregnancy, labor, or postpartum which increases maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. [1, 2] World Health Organization (WHO) in 2006, reported that almost 16 % of 3201 mortality caused by pregnancy was contributed by gestational hypertension [3]. According to data from National Center for Health Statistics in USA, gestational hypertension occurs in 150,000 women. Survey done by SKDI in 2007 found that preeclampsia/eclampsia contributes to about 24 % maternal mortality in Indonesia, makes it the second cause of maternal death in Indonesia. In Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, preeclampsia was reported in 3.5 % cases and eclampsia in 2.8 % cases in 2006, while in 2008–2010 preeclampsia was reported in 4.0–10.4 % and eclampsia in 2.3–4.3 % [4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
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