Difference in Pandemic-Related Experiences and Factors Associated with Sickness Absence among Nurses Working in COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Departments.

Matea Dolić,Vesna Antičević,Zenon Pogorelić,Krešimir Dolić

doi:10.3390/ijerph19031093

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the main variables associated with nurses’ sickness absence (SA) and to improve the prediction of SA based on pandemic-related experiences. The second aim is to examine the differences between COVID-19 (CoV) and non-COVID-19 (non-CoV) nurses in levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, personality traits, coping strategies and professional stressors experienced. Methods: This historical prospective study enrolled 1305 nurses from the University Hospital of Split, Croatia. A total of 380 subjects participated in the study, 163 non-CoV and 217 CoV subjects. Nurses’ pandemic-related experience questionnaires, Big Five Inventory (BFI), Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) and Occupational Stress Questionnaire, were used for evaluation. Results: Non-CoV nurses felt more fear of infection, were more socially distanced, had more PTSD symptoms and neuroticism and felt more stress due to public criticism and job requirements compared to CoV nurses; p < 0.001. The groups of SA users and non-SA users could be distinguished based on predictor variables in CoV and non-CoV nurses, with a correct classification of 84.8% vs. 79.1%. Conclusions: It was possible to predict the probability of using SA among nurses due to pandemic professional experience, personality traits and coping strategies.

Highlights

Accepted: 18 January 2022The World Health Organisation (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic in March2020 due to the rapid spread of coronavirus globally [1]
The pandemic has caused a large increase in the workload because of the sheer number of patients requiring treatment for illness, and because of the need to do more due to the absence of colleagues who tested positive for coronavirus, in isolation or self-isolation due to close contact with infection or personal serious risk factors that could adversely affect the clinical outcome in the event of virus infection
The primary outcome of this study is to investigate whether nurses who worked in the COVID-19 department (CoV nurses) and nurses who did not work in the COVID-19 department differed in (a) pandemic-related experiences, (b) levels of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, (c) personality traits, (d) coping strategies and (e) professional stressors experienced

Summary

Introduction

Accepted: 18 January 2022The World Health Organisation (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic in March2020 due to the rapid spread of coronavirus globally [1]. The pandemic has caused a large increase in the workload because of the sheer number of patients requiring treatment for illness, and because of the need to do more due to the absence of colleagues who tested positive for coronavirus, in isolation or self-isolation due to close contact with infection or personal serious risk factors that could adversely affect the clinical outcome in the event of virus infection It definitely represents a new challenge in the context of sick absence (SA) in the health system, in which there was already a shortage of staff even before the pandemic [4,5,6,7]. Conclusions: It was possible to predict the probability of using SA among nurses due to pandemic professional experience, personality traits and coping strategies

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Discussion

Conclusion