Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate the difference in the structural composition of salivary flora between chronic periodontitis patients with and without diabetic nephropathy (DN).MethodsThirty salivary samples of 15 chronic periodontitis patients with DN (DN group) and 15 chronic periodontitis patients with diabetes but without DN (DM group) were subjected to pyrosequencing of polymerase chain reaction-amplified 16 s ribosomal RNA genes. After diversity testing, the differential flora were analyzed. The sequencing results were compared with GenBank database to determine the type of differential flora using species composition analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, principal co-ordinate analysis, and species difference analysis.ResultsThere were significant between-group differences with respect to Gemella, Selenomonas spp, Lactobacillales_unclassified, Bacteria-unclassified and Abiotrophia (p < 0.05). Compared with DM group, the relative abundance of Selenomonas spp. in DN group was significantly higher; the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of Selenomonas spp. was 0.713 (P < 0.05). Multi-level biological identification and feature maps indicated that Selenomonas spp. might be used as a potential biomarker for DN patients. On binary logistic regression analysis, increase of Selenomonas spp. was related with DN.ConclusionsWe found significant between-group differences in the structural composition of oral flora. The increase in the relative abundance of Selenomonas spp. may be associated with DN in patients with chronic periodontitis.
Highlights
To investigate the difference in the structural composition of salivary flora between chronic periodontitis patients with and without diabetic nephropathy (DN)
Since the present study focused on the relationship between the oral flora and DN in patients with chronic periodontitis, Gemella and Selenomonas spp were included in the logistic regression analysis
After matching for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and status of periodontitis, only 30 patients were included in the final analysis (Additional file 1: Fig. S1)
Summary
To investigate the difference in the structural composition of salivary flora between chronic periodontitis patients with and without diabetic nephropathy (DN). Several studies have demonstrated the relationship between periodontitis and the occurrence of several systemic diseases; this relationship may be mediated via inflammatory pathways and changes in. Diabetes mellitus was found to significantly alter the salivary microbiota of periodontitis patients, while treatment did not lead to flora recovery [6]. Diabetes and pre-diabetes patients showed reduced biological and phylogenetic diversity of the oral microbiota compared with healthy people [8]. Oral microbial diversity was shown to decrease in diabetic periodontitis patients, and increase with the progression of periodontal disease [9]. These studies suggest that oral microbiota are related with both periodontitis and diabetes
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