Difference in myopia progression between dominant and non-dominant eye in patients with intermittent exotropia

Abstract

To investigate the difference in the rate of myopia progression between the dominant and non-dominant eye in patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT). We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 33 patients who underwent surgery and later reoperation for IXT. We included only patients whose spherical equivalent refractive errors (SER) were ≤ - 0.50diopter (D) in at least one eye at the time of reoperation. The main outcome measurement was the rate of myopia progression, which was defined as the mean annual change in SER between the first and second surgery. We classified patients into two groups: group A, which comprised 25 patients whose non-dominant eyes showed a faster myopia progression than their dominant eyes, and group B, which comprised the remaining 8 patients showing the opposite. Mean age of the patients at the time of the initial surgery was 5.64years. Mean interval between the initial and second surgery was 4.45years. Mean rate of myopia progression over the interval was - 0.37D/year in the dominant eyes and - 0.50D/year in the non-dominant eyes (P < 0.001). Group A had a significantly greater amount of distance deviation (31.0 vs. 25.6PD, P = 0.020) and near deviation (30.8 vs 26.0PD, P = 0.039) before the initial surgery and a significantly worse score of distance control (3.05 vs. 2.00, P = 0.023) before the second surgery than group B. The non-dominant eyes experienced a faster myopia progression than the dominant eyes in patients with IXT. This faster myopia progression demonstrated in the non-dominant eyes was associated with clinically severe exotropia in terms of the amount of deviation and the degree of control.