Diets enriched in fish and rapeseed oils, carnosic acid, and different chemical forms of selenium affect fatty acid profile in the periintestinal fat and indices of nutritional properties of selected tissues of lambs

Małgorzata Białek,Kamil Zaworski,Marian Czauderna

doi:10.23986/afsci.97267

Małgorzata Białek, Kamil Zaworski + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.23986/afsci.97267

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Abstract

The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of carnosic acid (CA), selenate (VISe) or selenized yeast (YSe) on concentrations of fatty acids (FA), tocopherols, cholesterol and malondialdehyde in the periintestinal fat (PIF) and muscles of lambs. Male lambs were fed the control diet containing rapeseed (RO) and fish (FO) oils, the CA diet containing RO, FO and CA, the YSe-CA diet with RO, FO, CA and YSe, and the VISe-CA diet with RO, FO, CA and VISe. The experimental diets with CA, irrespective of the presence of YSe or VISe, decreased sums of saturated FA (SFA) and the thrombogenic SFA in the PIF compared to the control. The experimental diets increased the Δ9-desaturation capacity in the PIF compared to the control. The experimental diets with YSe or VISe reduced sums of long-chain polyunsaturated FA in the PIF compared to the control and CA diets. The PIF and muscles of lambs fed the VISe-CA diet were characterised by the highest hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic-FA ratio, and lower modified atherogenic index compared to the control.

Highlights

The oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), cholesterol and proteins in tissues is one of the most prevalent modifications caused by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) in animal organisms (Saheem et al 2017)
We found that the diets enriched in carnosic acid (CA), irrespective of the presence of YSe or VISe, resulted in a decrease in the contents of C8:0, C15:0, C17:0, C18:0, C20:0, C22:0 and the sum of thrombogenic saturated FA (SFA) (T-SFA) in the periintestinal fat (PIF) compared to the control diet
The experimental diet with CA, irrespective of the presence of YSe or VISe, decreased the ratios of ΣSFA/ΣUFA and ΣSFA/ΣFA in the PIF compared to the control diet

Summary

Introduction

The oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), cholesterol and proteins in tissues is one of the most prevalent modifications caused by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) in animal organisms (Saheem et al 2017). Studies have shown that selenium (Se) exerts its antioxidative properties through Se-proteins/enzymes of which there may be more than 35 in mammals (Edens and Sefton 2016, Collins 2017). Se supplementation promotes higher levels of the gene expression of the lipoprotein lipase and apolipoprotein E, in skeletal muscle and possibly in fatty acid utilisation and triacylglyceride metabolism; as a consequence, dietary Se alters lipid metabolism and protein synthesis in the tissues of mammals. It is worth stressing that organic chemical forms of Se (like selenized yeast) are more efficiently incorporated in rumen microbiota and tissues of ruminants compared to selenate (VISe) or selenite (IVSe) (Navarro-Alarcon and Cabrera-Vique 2008, Čobanová et al 2017, Czauderna et al 2018). Concern has been raised about the potential pro-oxidative properties of IVSe and its lower stability in comparison with VISe when added to diets (Van Dael et al 2001)

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