Abstract
Inosine 5′-monophosphate (5′-IMP) is an essential nucleotide for de novo nucleotide biosynthesis and metabolism of energy, proteins, and antioxidants. Nucleotides are conditionally essential, as they cannot be produced sufficiently rapidly to meet the needs of the body in situations of oxidative stress or rapid muscle growth. A deficient intake of nucleotides can result in decreased ATP and GTP synthesis and impaired metabolism. We demonstrated that supplementation of finishing pig diets with 5′-IMP reduces the relative weight of the liver, and increases oxygen consumption during mitochondrial respiration without changing the ADP/O ratio, indicating an increase in the respiratory efficiency of liver mitochondria. We also observed a reduction in liver lipid peroxidation and an increase in muscle creatine. Moreover, 5′IMP supplementation increases slaughter weight, lean meat yield, sarcomere length, and backfat thickness in finishing barrows, demonstrating influence on protein metabolism. We suggest that 5′-IMP supplementation increase the mitochondrial respiratory capacity when the liver metabolic activity is stimulated, enhances antioxidant defense, and promotes muscle growth in finishing barrows.
Highlights
Inosine 5′-monophosphate (5′-IMP) is an essential nucleotide for de novo nucleotide biosynthesis and metabolism of energy, proteins, and antioxidants
This study aimed to investigate the effects of low- (3200 kcal metabolizable energy (ME)/kg) and high-energy (3300 kcal ME/kg) diets without 5′-IMP with those of low-energy diets (3200 kcal ME/kg) containing varying levels of 5′-IMP on liver antioxidant status, respiratory activity of isolated liver mitochondria, plasma concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), plasma and muscle levels of creatine, carcass traits, and sarcomere length in longissimus lumborum muscle in finishing pigs (75–100 kg)
We observed that the relative weight of the liver decreased linearly (P < 0.001) with increasing 5′-IMP supplementation levels (Fig. 2A)
Summary
Inosine 5′-monophosphate (5′-IMP) is an essential nucleotide for de novo nucleotide biosynthesis and metabolism of energy, proteins, and antioxidants. We suggest that 5′-IMP supplementation increase the mitochondrial respiratory capacity when the liver metabolic activity is stimulated, enhances antioxidant defense, and promotes muscle growth in finishing barrows. The presence of antioxidant molecules that can be converted into ADP and subsequently into ATP may promote benefits to oxidative phosphorylation and help repair ROS-induced damage to mitochondrial DNA. There is increasing evidence that 5′-IMP plays an important role in DNA repair, as observed in the deamination of adenosine to inosine, which depends on the actions of the adenosine deaminase family of enzymes on R NA8 Another important function of 5′-IMP is in mTORC1 complex that serves as a link between energy, nutrient levels and anabolic p rocesses[9]. This study aimed to investigate the effects of low- (3200 kcal ME/kg) and high-energy (3300 kcal ME/kg) diets without 5′-IMP with those of low-energy diets (3200 kcal ME/kg) containing varying levels of 5′-IMP on liver antioxidant status, respiratory activity of isolated liver mitochondria, plasma concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), plasma and muscle levels of creatine, carcass traits, and sarcomere length in longissimus lumborum muscle in finishing pigs (75–100 kg)
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