Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate different levels of dietary supplementation with dried Arthrospira platensis meal during the breeding season of the tambatinga hybrid, using zootechnical performance, haematological parameters and percent composition of the fillet, and by measuring the parameters of water quality. Experimental breeding lasted 64 days. The fry, with an initial weight of 3.56 ± 0.02 g, received diets with two levels of supplementation (20 and 40%) and one control (commercial feed, without the addition of A. platensis meal). The water quality parameters over safe limits were total ammonia (NH3), nitrite (NO2-), and nitrate (NO3-), which increased as the level of supplementation increased, but did not cause any mortalities. The best zootechnical results for final weight, weight gain, feed conversion and feed efficiency were obtained with the treatments that included the addition of 20 and 40% meal. The highest levels of crude protein (CP) in the fillets were found in the treatments with added supplement (20 and 40%). For the haematological parameters, the total number of erythrocytes, haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration, total leukocytes and total plasma protein had higher values for the treatments with added meal, both 20% and 40%, when compared to the control treatment.
Highlights
Tambatinga is a hybrid fish, the result of crossing females of the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum Cuvier, 1818) with males of the pirapitinga (Piaractus brachypomus Cuvier, 1818), whose tropical rheophilic species are native to the Amazon basin, and have been commercially exploited for decades (SOUZA et al, 2012)
In a study on the effect of replacing fish meal with A. platensis in feeding red tilapia, which evaluated growth and carcase composition, the results showed that growth performance increased with the increase in substitution up to 75%, and may have been due to improved feed intake and nutrient digestibility (EL-SHEEK et al, 2014)
The results show that the addition of A. platensis to fish diets is efficient for improving zootechnical, haematological and bromatological parameters
Summary
Tambatinga is a hybrid fish, the result of crossing females of the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum Cuvier, 1818) with males of the pirapitinga (Piaractus brachypomus Cuvier, 1818), whose tropical rheophilic species are native to the Amazon basin, and have been commercially exploited for decades (SOUZA et al, 2012). In 2017, the production of round fish, which include hybrids of the tambaqui, pacu and pirapitinga, was 192.7 thousand tons, representing 38.7% of domestic aquaculture production (CARVALHO FILHO, 2018). Fish farming is an agricultural sector that has grown extremely quickly over the last decade, and improving animal performance and resistance to disease are major challenges faced by producers (DELHI BAI; REDDY; KALARANI, 2014). Fish nutrition is a science that is linked to the requirements of each species and to the phase of development, and which seeks greater growth efficiency in order to reduce the costs of aquaculture production (WATTERS et al, 2012). A balanced diet nourishes the animal in addition to boosting the defence system, enabling a better zootechnical response and animal health under stress factors that lead to economic loss for the sector as a whole (SIGNOR et al, 2010)
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