Abstract
The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) seeds were utilized in some traditional medical remedies and have been investigated for their possible health benefits. This proposed study wanted to assess the effect of date palm seeds (DPS) dietary supplementation in comparison to mannan-oligosaccharides (Bio-Mos®) and β-glucan over antioxidant and immunity events that have effect on growth and carcass performances of broilers. An aggregate of 180, one-day-old, chicks were raised in the wire-floored cages and allotted into control, Bio-Mos (0.1% Bio-Mos), β-glucan (0.1% β-glucan), DPS2 (2% date crushed seeds), DPS4 (4% date crushed seeds), and DPS6 (6% date crushed seeds) groups. Broilers in DPS2 and DPS4 groups showed significant variations (P < 0.05) in relative growth rate (RGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and efficiency of energy utilization in comparison to control group. Moreover, all DPS fed groups showed significant increases (P < 0.05) in serum reduced glutathione (GSH) values. Meanwhile, both serum interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in DPS2. Consequently, obtained data revealed a substantial enhancement of performance, immunity, and antioxidant status by DPS supplementation in broiler that might be related to the antioxidant and immune-stimulant constituents of P. dactylifera seeds.
Highlights
Wide usage of antimicrobial agents has added to an imbalance among pathogenic and ordinary intestinal microflora as well as the development of multiple antibacterial resistance cases
Both mannan-oligosaccharides and β-glucan are extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae [3] and both were used as a feed additive in many poultry farms to enhance poultry execution and lower the liability to the pathogens propagation of the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory system [4, 5]. βGlucan is a glucose polymer as basic component in the yeast and fungi that enhances defenses against bacterial challenge and increases the growth performance [6]
The date palm seeds (DPS) are called pips, stones, kernels, or pits that represent about 6–12% of whole date [8]
Summary
Wide usage of antimicrobial agents has added to an imbalance among pathogenic and ordinary intestinal microflora as well as the development of multiple antibacterial resistance cases. Natural feed additives have got the potential of reduction of poultry enteric diseases [1, 2]. Both mannan-oligosaccharides and β-glucan are extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae [3] and both were used as a feed additive in many poultry farms to enhance poultry execution and lower the liability to the pathogens propagation of the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory system [4, 5]. As far as dry weight, the chemical components of DPS have contained about 5–10% of moisture, 5–7% of protein, 7–10% of oil, 10–20% of crude fiber, 55–65% of carbohydrates, and 1-2% of ash [9]. The antioxidant effect of DPS regards its phenolic compounds of anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory activities [10]
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