Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) usually induces oxidative stress and astaxanthin is regarded as an excellent anti-oxidant. An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary astaxanthin supplementation on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant ability, and immune response of juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fed HFD. Four diets were formulated: the control diet (10.87% lipid, C), high-fat diet (18.08% lipid, HF), and HF diet supplemented with 75 and 150 mg kg−1 astaxanthin (HFA1 and HFA2, respectively). Dietary supplementation of astaxanthin improved the growth of fish fed HFD, also decreased hepatosomatic index and intraperitoneal fat ratio of fish fed HFD, while having no effect on body fat. Malondialdehyde content and superoxide dismutase activity were increased in fish fed HFD, astaxanthin supplementation in HFD decreased the oxidative stress of fish. The supplementation of astaxanthin in HFD also reduced the mRNA levels of Caspase 3, Caspase 9, BAD, and IL15. These results suggested that dietary astaxanthin supplementation in HFD improved the growth performance, antioxidant ability and immune response of largemouth bass.
Highlights
The largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, is one of the most important economical freshwater fish in China, and its production in 2019 reached more than 470,000 tons [1]
Results showed that there were no differences in final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) among fish fed diet C and high fat dietbass (HF)
Discussion survival and SGR were similar in fish fed diet C and HF, which indicated that high-fat diet (HFD) (18.08%) did not has been shown to of impair the growth performance of grass indicated carp, giant croaker, tilapia, impairHFD
Summary
The largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, is one of the most important economical freshwater fish in China, and its production in 2019 reached more than 470,000 tons [1]. Recent research revealed that largemouth bass has a limited ability to utilize starch, the starch content in the feed usually below. 10% [2,3], so dietary lipids serve as the main provider of energy in the diet. Dietary lipid provides other important substances such as essential fatty acids, phospholipids and sterols for maintaining cell normal structure and biological function [4]. Due to the protein-sparing effect of dietary lipids in aquatic feeds, high-fat diet (HFD) is widely used to save costs and reduce nitrogen waste in aquaculture recently [5,6,7].
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