Abstract
Whether eaten, drank, or taken in the form of supplements, soybean has been a part of the human diet for centuries. The dietary use of soybean has been extensively proven to be beneficial for human health, protecting against a wide range of chronic diseases. However, our knowledge regarding the impact of soy intake on global gene expression is still incomplete. The present review summarizes and compares data describing the transcriptional changes in several tissues from two different phyla (fish and mammals) upon soybean diet supplementation. We performed comparative STRING-based pathway enrichment analysis of both individual and aggregated soy-induced transcriptome data in fish and mammals and identified the signaling pathways common between the two datasets. We hypothesize that these pathways represent a conserved transcriptome response to the soy-enriched dietary challenge.
Highlights
Known as a wonder food, wonder crop, or meat without bone, soybean has been a matter of intense debate regarding its diet-induced health effects
Nutrients can act as dietary signals detected by the cellular sensors and influence gene expression and metabolite production [52]
Interventional studies focused only on soybeans components attempted to shed on into how soy diet affects gene expression but fail in reproducing the natural changes induced by a regular soybean-supplemented diet
Summary
Known as a wonder food, wonder crop, or meat without bone, soybean has been a matter of intense debate regarding its diet-induced health effects. Soybean contains unique nutrients such as isoflavonoids (ISO), phenolic acids, phytoalexins, phytosterols, and saponins, the roles of which are not yet fully understood [4] These bioactive compounds may act through synergic or independent mechanisms to confer positive effects on human health [5]. In Japan, as the diet of young adults becomes more and more westernized, soy foods have begun to be replaced, such that older Japanese consume almost twice as much soy as the young ones [8]. These outstanding variations in diet habits might explain the divergent results of the health benefits analyses
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