Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism underlying the protective effects of resveratrol against Aflatoxin B1-induced ileum injury in ducks. A corn–soybean meal-basal diet and two test diets (500 mg/kg resveratrol +0.2 mg Aflatoxin B1/kg, 0.2 mg AFB1/kg) were used in a 10-wk design trial (n = 15 ducks/group). These results showed that the toxicity of Aflatoxin B1 significantly reduced the antioxidant capacity of duck ileum and induced inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage in ducks. The expression of genes, including CYP1A2, CYP2A6, and CYP3A4, at the mRNA level was significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) by AFB1. The level of Nrf2 was suppressed (p < 0.05) and the mRNA and protein level of NF-κB was activated (p < 0.05) in the AFB1 group. However, supplementation with 500 mg/kg dietary resveratrol in Aflatoxin B1-induced ducks significantly ameliorated these alterations and decreased the mRNA expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 (p < 0.05) and the production of AFB1-DNA adducts (p < 0.05). The results proved that resveratrol alleviated ileum injury induced by AFB1, decreased the production of AFB1-DNA adducts by downregulating the expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, and reduced DNA damage and oxidative stress via the Nrf2/ Keap1 and NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathways.
Highlights
Aflatoxins (AFs) are food-borne secondary toxic metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus [1]
The results proved that resveratrol alleviated ileum injury induced by Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), decreased the production of AFB1 -DNA adducts by downregulating the expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, and reduced
This study found that AFB1 -induced enterotoxicity caused oxidative stress and induced the inhibition of the Nrf2 signaling pathway by increasing the mRNA and protein expression levels of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)
Summary
Aflatoxins (AFs) are food-borne secondary toxic metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus [1]. Aflatoxin pollution of animal feed has imposed great threats to the breeding industry and feed industry. Maize is widely used as one of the most major energy feeds for poultry and contaminated by Aspergillus flavus. Aflatoxins have serious toxic effects on humans and animals. Among the various AFs, Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) is the most toxic and critical. The toxicity of AFB1 is much higher than that of cyanide, arsenide and organic pesticides. It was listed as a class I strong carcinogen in 2010 and poses a serious carcinogenicity in humans and animals.
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