Dietary Pulse Consumption and Arterial Damage in Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

s / Can J Diabetes 36 (2012) S2eS22 S10 tissues insulin resistance and inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA), a chemical chaperon that prevents ER stress, on the regulation of tissues’ nonesterified fatty acids metabolism and diet-induced insulin resistance. Research Design and Methods: Control (chow fed) vs. diabetic (high-fat/high-fructose fed + small dose streptozotocin-treated e HFHFS) male Wistar rats were treated with 4-PBA (1g/kg/day) by oral gavage for 6 weeks. At the end of the treatment period, [8, 9-3H]-palmitate was infused during an euglycemic ehyperinsulinemic clamp followed by an i.v. bolus of [1-14C]-2bromopalmitate at steady-state to determine oxidative and non-oxidative nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) metabolism in tissues. Results: HFHFS-fed rats displayed insulin resistance with high levels of fasting glucose and insulin. Increased NEFA fractional uptake by the gastrocnemius and reduced myocardial NEFA nonoxidative disposal was observed. Animals treated with 4-PBA displayed greater plasmatic NEFA rate of appearance and clearance. 4-PBA normalized gastrocnemius fractional uptake and increased NEFA oxidation and fractional uptake by the liver. SCAT of treated rats are characterized larger SC adipocytes with greater fractional and net NEFA uptake. In vitro, 4-PBA inhibits differentiation of adipocytes precursors but stimulates fatty acids uptake by mature adipocytes. Conclusions: Redistribution of NEFA fluxes by 4-PBA treatment does not restore insulin sensitivity in a nutritional model of T2D but reduced fasting glucose.