Abstract
BackgroundDietary patterns are associated with plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations in healthy populations, but the associations between dietary protein and tHcy, total cysteine (tCys) in high risk populations are unclear. We therefore examined the association between dietary protein and tHcy and tCys concentrations in coronary angiographic subjects.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 1015 Chinese patients who underwent coronary angiography (40–85 y old). With the use of food-frequency questionnaires, we divided the total protein intakes into high animal-protein and high plant-protein diets. Circulating concentrations of tHcy and tCys were simultaneously measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.ResultsWe found that high animal-protein diet was positively associated with hyperhomocysteinemia after adjustment for potential confounders, with the subjects in the highest quartile of intake having the greatest increase in risk (OR: 4.14, 95% CI: 2.67-6.43), whereas high plant-protein diet was inversely related to hyperhomocysteinemia, with a higher intake being protective. Compared with the first quartile of intake, the adjusted OR was 0.59 (95% CI: 0.38-0.91) for the fourth quartile. The total protein intake was positively associated with the risk of hypercysteinemia and the participants in highest quartile had significant OR of 1.69 (95% CI: 1.02-2.87) compared with those in lowest quartile. In multivariate linear regression analyses, high animal-protein and total-protein intakes were positively associated with plasma tHcy and tCys concentrations. The plant-protein intake was a negative determinant of plasma tHcy concentrations.ConclusionsHigh animal-protein diet was positively associated with high tHcy concentrations, whereas high plant-protein diet was inversely associated with tHcy concentrations. Furthermore the total protein intake was strongly related to tCys concentrations.
Highlights
Dietary patterns are associated with plasma total homocysteine concentrations in healthy populations, but the associations between dietary protein and tHcy, total cysteine in high risk populations are unclear
Most recent large-scale clinical trials have demonstrated that the therapeutic use of folate and B vitamins aimed at reducing tHcy levels does not reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) [2]
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of dietary protein intake with plasma tHcy and total cysteine (tCys) concentrations in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients
Summary
Dietary patterns are associated with plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations in healthy populations, but the associations between dietary protein and tHcy, total cysteine (tCys) in high risk populations are unclear. We examined the association between dietary protein and tHcy and tCys concentrations in coronary angiographic subjects. Most recent large-scale clinical trials have demonstrated that the therapeutic use of folate and B vitamins aimed at reducing tHcy levels does not reduce the risk of CVD [2]. Another amino acid containing a sulf-group cysteine, structurally like homocysteine, was enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) [8,9]. Whether dietary proteins influence plasma tHcy and tCys concentrations in CVD are unclear
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