Dietary phytochemical index associated with cardiovascular risk factor in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Saeideh Delshad Aghdam,Anahita Bashiri,Fereydoun Siassi,Zahra Sajjadpour,Maryam Aghayan,Asadollah Rajab,Mostafa Qorbani,Ensieh Nasli Esfahani,Gity Sotoudeh

doi:10.1186/s12872-021-02106-2

Abstract

BackgroundDietary phytochemical index (DPI) is useful and inexpensive method to identify the role of phytochemicals on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. This study aimed to assess the relationship between DPI and CVD risk factors in patients with type1 diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 261 participants aged 18–35 years with T1DM were enrolled in this cross-sectional study to assess the relationship between DPI and CVD risk factors. Anthropometric measurements, blood lipids, glucose, and antioxidant level were measured. Food intakes were determined using a food frequency questionnaire to calculate DPI. Logistic regression was used.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 25 years. After adjustment for potential confounders, participants in the highest tertile of DPI had 88 % lower chance of hyperglycemia (P for trend = 0.020), 81 % lower chance of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P for trend = 0.030) and 98 % lower chance of high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to HDL-C ratio (P for tend = 0.040). There were no relationships between DPI and other CVD risk factors.ConclusionsAlthough higher intake of phytochemical-rich foods had a beneficial effect on some risk factors of CVD, more studies more studies are warranted to corroborate the present findings.

Highlights

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most important cause of death worldwide, especially in developed countries
We hypothesis that Dietary phytochemical index (DPI) may have a beneficial relationship with the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks; the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between DPI with CVD risk factors including blood glucose, lipid profile, antioxidant levels, blood pressure and anthropometric measurements in patients with type 1 DM (T1DM)
Participants were excluded if they had body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 kg/m2, drugs intake other than insulin to lower blood glucose, diagnosed CVD, cancer, kidney or liver disease, use of contraceptives, hormones and recombinant drugs, thyroid control drugs, taking weight reducing agents, anti-depressants and anti-anxiety drugs, use of any smoking and pregnancy or lactation

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most important cause of death worldwide, especially in developed countries. It is associated with the risk of hypertension (HTN), hypercholesterolemia, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) [1]. In turn leads to chronic hyperglycemia and an increase level of lipid and protein peroxidation products, oxidative DNA damage markers, and lower activity of antioxidant enzymes, subsequently [4]. Dietary phytochemical index (DPI) is useful and inexpensive method to identify the role of phytochemicals on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. This study aimed to assess the relationship between DPI and CVD risk factors in patients with type diabetes mellitus

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