Abstract
Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium balance was studied in weanling rats, using 3 dietary levels of magnesium (130, 260 and 1,000 ppm) at each of 3 levels of phosphorus (0.3, 0.5 and 1.0%). The effect of changes in dietary phosphorus on magnesium balance varied and was dependent on the dietary magnesium concentration; high intakes of phosphorus lowered the apparent absorption of magnesium when magnesium was ample, but improved absorption when magnesium was limiting. Similarly, high intakes of magnesium reduced the apparent absorption of phosphorus only when ample quantities of phosphate were consumed. Variations in magnesium intake caused a pattern of calcium absorption which closely resembled the pattern obtained for fecal phosphorus, implying a possible effect of magnesium on calcium phosphate solubility in the gut. Accumulation of calcium in the kidneys was aggravated by either an increase in phosphorus or a decrease in magnesium. Microscopic examination of the kidneys after staining with alizarin red S revealed urolithiasis alone when the accumulation of excess calcium was minimal, but both urolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis when considerable calcium was present. This evidence supports the observations of others that intratubular cast deposition is the primary lesion in magnesium deficiency and thus suggests that magnesium might be of value in the prevention or control of spontaneous urolithiasis.
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