Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate major dietary patterns among older Korean adults through cluster analysis and to determine an association between dietary patterns and cognitive function. This is a cross-sectional study. The data from the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study was used. Participants included 765 participants aged 60 years and over. A quantitative food frequency questionnaire with 106 items was used to investigate dietary intake. The Korean version of the MMSE-KC (Mini-Mental Status Examination–Korean version) was used to assess cognitive function. Two major dietary patterns were identified using K-means cluster analysis. The “MFDF” dietary pattern indicated high consumption of Multigrain rice, Fish, Dairy products, Fruits and fruit juices, while the “WNC” dietary pattern referred to higher intakes of White rice, Noodles, and Coffee. Means of the total MMSE-KC and orientation score of the participants in the MFDF dietary pattern were higher than those of the WNC dietary pattern. Compared with the WNC dietary pattern, the MFDF dietary pattern showed a lower risk of cognitive impairment after adjusting for covariates (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.44–0.94). The MFDF dietary pattern, with high consumption of multigrain rice, fish, dairy products, and fruits may be related to better cognition among Korean older adults.
Highlights
The proportion of the world’s population aged ≥60 years was 12% in 2013 and is expected to reach21% by 2050 [1]
A total of 36% of the participants were categorized into the cognitive impairment group
No significant differences in age, Body mass index (BMI) (Body Mass Index), educational level, occupation, marital status, smoking status, dietary supplement use, or medical history, except for diabetes, were found between the two dietary patterns
Summary
The proportion of the world’s population aged ≥60 years was 12% in 2013 and is expected to reach21% by 2050 [1]. The proportion of the world’s population aged ≥60 years was 12% in 2013 and is expected to reach. Along with the increase in the aging population, the prevalence of dementia has been increasing rapidly [2], and cost for the care of dementia will be increased with its prevalence [3]. In 2011, the cost of caring for dementia alone was approximately US $7.1 billion in Korea, and it was estimated that this would increase to about US $100.6 billion by 2050 [3]. Several studies reported MCI to be a great risk factor for developing dementia [5,6]. It is important to prevent MCI in order to reduce the risk of dementia
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