Dietary Patterns and Glycemic Control among Qatari Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Background: No studies assess the effect of dietary pattern on glycemic control among Qatari adults with T2DM. Objective: To assess the association between dietary patterns, and glycemic control among Qatari adults with T2DM. Method: Data from 1000 adults with known diabetes attending the Qatar Biobank Study were analyzed. Poor glycemic control was defined as HbA1c ≥7.0%. Dietary pattern was constructed using factor analysis based on habitual food intake data assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between dietary patterns and poor glycemic control. The following covariates were considered: education, age, gender, smoking, BMI and medication. All analyses were conducted using STATA15. Results: The odds ratio for poor glycemic control was 0.86 (95%CI 0.68-1.08) in men, 0.76(95%CI 0.61-0.95) in women. For men without diabetes medication, fast food pattern was positively but traditional pattern was inversely associated with poor glycemic control 2.35(95%CI 1.13-4.87) (p=0.021) and 0.49 (95%CI 0.22-1.07) (p=0.075) respectively. And among younger participants, the use of insulin was higher than older participants as it was 77 (SD 30.8%). Conclusion: Fast food pattern was inversely associated with glycemic control, which is most likely linked to medication use. In men who were not under diabetes medication, fast food pattern was associated with poor glycemic control.