Abstract
BackgroundAssociations of dietary patterns in Chinese adolescents and children with later obesity have not previously been investigated. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of obesity in Chinese adolescents and children by using a longitudinal design.MethodsData from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), a nationally representative survey, were used for our analysis. 489 participants 6–14 years of age were followed from 2006 to 2011. Factor analysis was used to identify the dietary patterns in Chinese adolescents and children. Ordered logistic regression models were used to examine the association between dietary patterns and later obesity.ResultsTwo dietary patterns were revealed by factor analysis, the traditional Chinese dietary pattern (with high intake of rice, vegetables, poultry, pork and fish and the modern dietary pattern (with high intake of wheat, processed meat and fast food). Children in the highest quartile and the second-highest quartile of the traditional Chinese dietary pattern was inversely associated with later obesity compared with children in the lowest quartile over 5 years (OR = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.09, 0.40 for Q4; OR = 0.47, 95%CI: 0.33, 0.67 for Q3); Children in the highest quartile of the modern dietary pattern was positively associated with later obesity compared with children in the lowest quartile over 5 years (OR = 2.02, 95%CI: 1.17, 3.48).ConclusionsDietary patterns in Chinese adolescents and children are associated with later obesity. These findings further confirm the importance of children’s dietary patterns in later obesity and lay groundwork for dietary culture-specific interventions targeted at reducing rates of obesity in children and adolescents.
Highlights
Associations of dietary patterns in Chinese adolescents and children with later obesity have not previously been investigated
Participants in the highest quartile of the modern dietary pattern were more likely to live in urban, eastern of China, had a higher parental education level and higher energy intake than those in the lowest quartile (p < 0.05)
In the present study, we report analysis of dietary patterns among Chinese children aged 6–14 at baseline and the association of dietary patterns with later obesity
Summary
Associations of dietary patterns in Chinese adolescents and children with later obesity have not previously been investigated. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of obesity in Chinese adolescents and children by using a longitudinal design. In 2014, about 35 million children were affected by overweight or obesity, and the prevalence of overweight and obesity for children in China was 12.2 and 7.3% respectively [1] These large increases in the prevalence of childhood obesity might greatly increase morbidity in adulthood from causes such as cardiovascular. Obesity is caused by an intricacy interaction among the environment, genetics and behavior [6] Among these factors, diet has been demonstrated to be a determinant in the development of obesity [7]. Compared with traditional dietary analyses focusing on individual foods or nutrients [10], Zhen et al Nutrition Journal (2018) 17:68 dietary pattern analysis might be an alternative holistic and comprehensive approach [11]
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