Dietary pattern and metabolic syndrome in thai adults.

W Aekplakorn,V Chongsuvivatwong,S Chariyalertsak,W Satheannoppakao,S Taneepanichskul,P Putwatana,P Kessomboon

doi:10.1155/2015/468759

Abstract

Objectives. To determine the dietary patterns of middle-aged Thais and their association with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods. The Thai National Health Examination Survey IV data of 5,872 participants aged ≥30–59 years were used. Dietary patterns were obtained by factor analysis and their associations with Mets were examined using multiple logistic regression. Results. Three major dietary patterns were identified. The first, meat pattern, was characterized by a high intake of red meat, processed meat, and fried food. The second, healthy pattern, equated to a high intake of beans, vegetables, wheat, and dairy products. The third, high carbohydrate pattern, had a high intake of glutinous rice, fermented fish, chili paste, and bamboo shoots. Respondents with a healthy pattern were more likely to be female, higher educated, and urban residents. The carbohydrate pattern was more common in the northeast and rural areas. Compared with the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of carbohydrate pattern was associated with MetS (adjusted odds ratio: 1.82; 95% CI 1.31, 2.55 in men and 1.60; 95% CI 1.24, 2.08 in women), particularly among those with a low level of leisure time physical activity (LTPA). Conclusion. The carbohydrate pattern with low level of LTPA increased the odds of MetS.

Highlights

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of metabolic risk factors, is considered to be an intermediate outcome preceding disability and death from various related diseases such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) [1]
Several studies have demonstrated that an unhealthy dietary pattern is associated with increased CVD risk factors, and a healthy diet is linked to decreased risk [2, 4]
A diet high in carbohydrate was reported to be associated with dyslipidemia, diabetes, and MetS in Korean adults [7, 8], whereas a western dietary pattern has been shown to be associated with dyslipidemia in Japanese adults [9]

Summary

Introduction

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of metabolic risk factors, is considered to be an intermediate outcome preceding disability and death from various related diseases such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) [1]. Several studies have demonstrated that an unhealthy dietary pattern is associated with increased CVD risk factors, and a healthy diet is linked to decreased risk [2, 4]. Dietary patterns with red meat and processed meat have been reported to be associated with metabolic factors and CVD, whereas a Mediterranean diet is beneficial to metabolic factors [2, 3]. In Asian populations, studies have reported the association between a carbohydrate-rich dietary pattern and metabolic risk, for instance, in Korea and Japan [5, 6]. A diet high in carbohydrate was reported to be associated with dyslipidemia, diabetes, and MetS in Korean adults [7, 8], whereas a western dietary pattern has been shown to be associated with dyslipidemia in Japanese adults [9].

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion