Abstract
Liver cancer is the most common malignancy of the digestive system with high death rate. Accumulating evidences suggests that many dietary natural products are potential sources for prevention and treatment of liver cancer, such as grapes, black currant, plum, pomegranate, cruciferous vegetables, French beans, tomatoes, asparagus, garlic, turmeric, ginger, soy, rice bran, and some edible macro-fungi. These dietary natural products and their active components could affect the development and progression of liver cancer in various ways, such as inhibiting tumor cell growth and metastasis, protecting against liver carcinogens, immunomodulating and enhancing effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. This review summarizes the potential prevention and treatment activities of dietary natural products and their major bioactive constituents on liver cancer, and discusses possible mechanisms of action.
Highlights
Liver cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death, accounting for more than 700,000 deaths every year [1,2]
Liver cancer is usually an aggressive malignancy associated with poor prognosis, and the five-year survival rate is estimated to be less than 9%
Due to numerous lesions, and extrahepatic metastasis, only about 20% of liver cancer patients are suitable for surgery
Summary
Liver cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death, accounting for more than 700,000 deaths every year [1,2]. Nutrients 2016, 8, 156 found a variety of anticancer effects of dietary natural products, such as inhibiting tumor cell growth and metastasis, protecting against liver carcinogens, immunomodulating and enhancing effects of chemotherapeutic drugs [10,11,12]. Many dietary natural products displayed selective inhibition against cancer cells [13]. This discrimination is very important for liver cancer treatment, since the majority of patients suffers from severely compromised liver function or liver cirrhosis and can not afford further losses of normal liver cells [4]. This review summarizes the prevention and treatment action of dietary natural products and their major bioactive constituents on liver cancer, and discusses the mechanism of action
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