Dietary management of liver disorders

Abstract

The liver is responsible for many important functions, including metabolism of ingested nutrients and toxins, and production of plasma proteins, clotting factors and bile salts. When the liver is diseased or damaged, dietary therapy is beneficial in preventing further damage; supporting hepatic repair and liver function; and decreasing signs of hepatic encephalopathy. The nutritional status of patients with liver disease is often compromised by anorexia; nutrient malassimilation due to portal hypertension and cirrhosis; and decreased hepatic nutrient synthesis or storage capacity. Appetite and the amounts of protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals should all be considered. Previously, reduced dietary protein was often recommended; however, reducing dietary protein concentrations in all animals with liver disease is not appropriate. Nutraceuticals may have a beneficial effect in some cases. Nutritional support specifically for feline hepatic lipidosis, copper associated liver disease and hepatic encephalopathy are discussed.