Dietary Intake and Physical Activity in Relation to Obesity in 6-12 Years Old Children at SDN Banyu Urip III/364 Surabaya

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is a multifactorial disorder characterized by excessive accumulation of fat in the body. Obesity can increase the risk of various diseases in adulthood. The aim of this study is to find the relationship between carbohydrates, protein, fat, fiber intake and physical activity to obesity rate in school-age children. Methods: This was an analytic observational study and a cross-sectional design. This study was held at State Elementary School (SDN) Banyu Urip III/364 Surabaya from February to October 2022. The sample of this study was chosen by random sampling of all students at SDN Banyu Urip III/364 Surabaya. The data collected were nutritional status with anthropometric measurements, food intake with the 24-hour Dietary Recall (24HR), and physical activity with the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C). The data were analyzed by Chi-Square test and logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of obesity in this school is 19.57%. The obese students have a high carbohydrate intake (100%), high protein intake (83,33%), high fat intake (94,44%), and half of them have a high fiber intake (50%). Majority of obese students do low-intensity physical activity. From the analysis, there is a relationship between carbohydrate intake (p=0.045), fat intake (p=0.013), fiber intake (p=0.010), and physical activity (p=0.000) with obesity. However, there is no relationship between protein intake (p=0.264) and obesity.