Dietary Intake and Bone Mineral Density Status Among Adolescents of Kurukshetra

Gunjan Soni

doi:10.11648/j.jfns.20170503.11

Abstract

Long term calcium deficiency during adolescence leads to poor bone mineral accrual in and early onset of osteoporosis. Information on calcium intake was obtained by 24hour recall method for three days. BMD of the whole body was measured by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Mean calcium intake among 56.09% of the subjects (396 out of 706) was less than recommended calcium (ICMR, 2011) i.e., 800 mg daily. There was significant difference (p≤0.003) among male and female subjects in amount of calcium intake. In addition, higher number of female subjects (80.67%) were taking less than recommended calcium RDA than their male counter parts (43.59%). In males, out of total 72 and 239 male adolescent subjects of group I and II, 24(33.33%) and 48 (20.08%) subjects were found low in BMD respectively. While in females, out of total 48 and 50 male adolescent subjects of group I and II, 20 (41.67%) and 22 (44%) subjects were found low in BMD respectively. Hence, the results revealed that low BMD was present among the adolescent students of Kurukshetra district.

Highlights

Adolescence is the transition phase from childhood to adulthood
Though there were minimal difference in mean height between males and females in Group I, marked differences were observed in mean height between males and females in Group II
Rajeshwari et al [15] followed a group of children from 10 years of age until adulthood and demonstrated that calcium intake was reduced at this age, despite the increased energy expenditure

Summary

Introduction

Adolescence is the transition phase from childhood to adulthood. It is the critical time of life for the development of peak bone mass and bone accretion. Linear growth stop at the end of puberty, but bone mass continues to increase for some time afterwards, reaching the peak during young adulthood” [3]. Increase of peak bone mass in young persons could reduce the incidence of osteoporotic fractures in the later years. Due to poor dietary intake and increase interest in junk and continental food among adolescents, availability of calcium, has become low especially for vegetarians. Low intake of calcium during growth years result in weak and fragile bone or low bone mass, which is one of the major factors responsible for osteoporosis in later ages. This study was undertaken to assess the dietary intake and bone mineral density of adolescent school going students of Kurukshetra district (Haryana)

Methods

Findings

Discussion

Conclusion