Abstract
We aimed to examine the impact of a daily pro-inflammatory diet during pregnancy on intrapartum fetal acidemia using a large birth cohort study in Japan. We used data on singleton pregnancies in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) involving births from 2011 to 2014 through vaginal delivery to calculate the maternal dietary inflammatory index (DII). Participants were categorized according to DII quintiles. A multiple logistic regression model was used to estimate the risk of a pro-inflammatory diet on fetal umbilical artery pH. In total, 56,490 participants were eligible for this study. Multiple regression analysis showed that nulliparous women who had undergone vaginal delivery and were consuming a pro-inflammatory diet had an increased risk of pH < 7.10 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–2.39). Among these women, the risk of pH < 7.10 was not affected by the duration of labor (aOR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.11–2.42). In conclusion, following a pro-inflammatory diet during pregnancy is a risk factor for fetal acidosis among nulliparous women undergoing vaginal delivery. A high DII diet during pregnancy may modify the intrapartum fetal heart rate pattern via intrauterine inflammation.
Highlights
The concept of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory diets has been reported.Diets that contain artificial trans fats, vegetable oil, refined carbohydrates, or processed meat causingNutrients 2020, 12, 3482; doi:10.3390/nu12113482 www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrientsNutrients 2020, 12, 3482 inflammation are referred to as pro-inflammatory diets [1,2,3,4]
Ishibashi et al [20] reported that a pre-pregnancy pro-inflammatory diet was associated with maternal leukocytosis in the first trimester, increased the risk of preterm birth (PTB) < 34 weeks, and < 2500 g low birth weight (LBW), using the same birth cohort data set as the present study
This is the first report to examine the association between maternal diet during pregnancy and fetal acidosis, which was defined by a low cord pH at birth, using the largest birth cohort study in Japan
Summary
The concept of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory diets has been reported. Nutrients 2020, 12, 3482 inflammation are referred to as pro-inflammatory diets [1,2,3,4]. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is used to assess the anti- or pro-inflammatory potential of an individual’s diet [10]. The greater the DII score, the more pro-inflammatory the diet. There was a significant difference in maternal age (both continuous value and category), BMI category before pregnancy, and smoking during pregnancy. There was a significant difference in maternal age (both continuous value and category), BMI the most common in the highest score during quartilepregnancy. (the most pro-inflammatory group), maternal category before pregnancy, and DII smoking. DII score quartile (the most anti-inflammatory group). Common in the highest DII score quartile (the most pro-inflammatory group), maternal age
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