Dietary glycemic index, dietary glycemic load, blood lipids, and coronary heart disease.

Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez,Katia Gallegos-Carrillo,Jorge Salmerón,Susana Castañón,Yvonne Flores,Juan O Talavera,Gerardo Huitrón-Bravo

doi:10.1155/2010/170680

Abstract

Objective. To examine the associations of dietary glycemic index (GI) and dietary glycemic load (GL) with blood lipid concentrations and coronary heart disease (CHD) in nondiabetic participants in the Health Worker Cohort Study (HWCS). Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional analysis was performed, using data from adults who participated in the HWCS baseline assessment. We collected information on participants' socio-demographic conditions, dietary patterns and physical activity via self-administered questionnaires. Dietary GI and dietary GL were measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric and clinical measurements were assessed with standardized procedures. CHD risk was estimated according to the sex-specific Framingham prediction algorithms. Results. IIn the 5,830 individuals aged 20 to 70 who were evaluated, dietary GI and GL were significantly associated with HDL-C, LDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and triglycerides serum levels. Subjects with high dietary GI have a relative risk of 1.56 (CI 95%; 1.13–2.14), and those with high dietary GL have a relative risk of 2.64 (CI 95%; 1.15–6.58) of having an elevated CHD risk than those who had low dietary GI and GL. Conclusions. Our results suggest that high dietary GI and dietary GL could have an unfavorable effect on serum lipid levels, which are in turn associated with a higher CHD risk.

Highlights

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a major public health problem and the leading cause of death in Mexico [1]
Our results suggest that high dietary glycemic index (GI) and dietary glycemic load (GL) could have an unfavorable effect on serum lipid levels, which are in turn associated with a higher coronary heart disease (CHD) risk
Diets with a high GI and GL are positively associated with CHD [11], and type 2 diabetes [8, 9], probably in part because they have adverse effects on blood lipid levels; some metabolic studies have observed that diets with a high GI or GL lead to an increase in triglycerides and reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [4,5,6, 12,13,14] and cause systemic inflammation [15, 16]

Summary

Objective

To examine the associations of dietary glycemic index (GI) and dietary glycemic load (GL) with blood lipid concentrations and coronary heart disease (CHD) in nondiabetic participants in the Health Worker Cohort Study (HWCS). A cross-sectional analysis was performed, using data from adults who participated in the HWCS baseline assessment. Dietary GI and dietary GL were measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric and clinical measurements were assessed with standardized procedures. CHD risk was estimated according to the sex-specific Framingham prediction algorithms. IIn the 5,830 individuals aged 20 to 70 who were evaluated, dietary GI and GL were significantly associated with HDL-C, LDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and triglycerides serum levels. Our results suggest that high dietary GI and dietary GL could have an unfavorable effect on serum lipid levels, which are in turn associated with a higher CHD risk

Introduction

Material and Methods

Data Collection

Results

Discussion

Conclusion