Abstract
Adequate intake of dietary fibers has proven metabolic and cardiovascular benefits, molecular mechanisms remain still limited. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of cereal dietary fiber on obesity-related liver lipotoxicity in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat/cholesterol (HFC) diet and underlying mechanism. Forty-eight adult male C57BL/6J mice were randomly given a reference chow diet, or a high fat/choleserol (HFC) diet supplemented with or without oat fiber or wheat bran fiber for 24 weeks. Our results showed mice fed oat or wheat bran fiber exhibtied lower weight gain, lipid profiles and insulin resistance, compared with HFC diet. The two cereal dietary fibers potently decreased protein expressions of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 and key factors involved in lipogenesis, including fatty acid synthase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase in target tissues. At molecular level, the two cereal dietary fibers augmented protein expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and gamma, liver X receptor alpha, and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 in target tissues. Our findings indicated that cereal dietary fiber supplementation abrogated obesity-related liver lipotoxicity and dyslipidemia in C57BL/6J mice fed a HFC diet. In addition, the efficacy of oat fiber is greater than wheat bran fiber in normalizing these metabolic disorders and pathological profiles.
Highlights
Cells) and subsequent activation of inflammatory pathways, cellular dysfunction, and lipoapoptosis[4,5]
On the basis of band densities (Fig. 4A,B), we found that the protein expressions of SREBP-1, FAS, and ACC in the liver and epididymal adipose tissues were significantly higher in the high fat/ choleserol (HFC) diet group than those in the reference chow (RC) diet group (p < 0.05) (Fig. 4C,D)
In the present study of experiment mode, our major new findings are two-fold: first, cereal dietary fibers in general normalized the expressions of SREBP1 and PPAR as well as other accompanied disorders in HFC diet-induced liver lipotoxicity and dyslipidemia in C57BL/6J mice; second, when these effects were compared, oat fiber could alleviate liver lipotoxicity and lipid profiles more effectively than wheat bran fiber
Summary
Cells) and subsequent activation of inflammatory pathways, cellular dysfunction, and lipoapoptosis[4,5]. PPARa activators regulate obesity in rodents by increasing hepatic fatty acid oxidation and decreasing circulating TG levels responsible for adipose cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia[7]. As an exposure variable in nutritional research, cereal dietary fiber can be considered as a “black box,” because it contains molecular structures that may differ in the physiological potential[15].Soluble fibers, mainly found in barley and oat, improve glycemia and insulin sensitivity of diabetic subjects[10]. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the roles of SREBPs and PPAR pathways in the pathogenesis of diet-induced liver lipotoxicity and dyslipidemia, and to explore most importantly the roles of cereal dietary fiber in the prevention of these metabolic disorders at molecular, cellular and intact animal levels. The efficacy of oat fiber and wheat bran fiber was compared
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