Abstract
Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is associated with higher rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer worldwide. Objective: To assess fat intake in older adults with or without MetS. Design: Cross-sectional nutritional survey in older adults living in the Balearic Islands (n = 477, 48% women, 55–80 years old) with no previous CVD. Methods: Assessment of fat (total fat, MUFA, PUFA, SFA, TFA, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, marine and non-marine ω-3 FA, animal fat and vegetable fat, cholesterol) and macronutrient intake using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and its comparison with recommendations of the US Institute of Medicine (IOM) and the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC). Results: Participants with MetS showed higher BMI, lower physical activity, higher total fat and MUFA intake, and lower intake of energy, carbohydrates, and fiber than participants without MetS. Men and women with MetS were below the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) proposed by IOM for carbohydrates and above the AMDR for total fat and MUFAs, and women were below the AMDR proposed for α-linolenic acid (ALA) compared with participants without MetS. Conclusions: Subjects with MetS were less likely to meet IOM and SENC recommendations for fat and macronutrient intakes as compared to non-MetS subjects.
Highlights
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clinical condition characterized by several metabolic risk factors [1,2] associated with higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and cancer worldwide [3]
The metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-score can be derived from tables [31] that show the intensity of the activity relative to resting (METhours/week) spent on physical activity refer to the energy that is spent on activities, over and above existing levels of resting energy expenditure
The groups differed in all Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) components, except for blood pressure in women
Summary
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clinical condition characterized by several metabolic risk factors [1,2] associated with higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and cancer worldwide [3]. These factors involve abdominal obesity, blood pressure, glycaemia, triglyceridemia (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) [1]. Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is associated with higher rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer worldwide. Objective: To assess fat intake in older adults with or without MetS.
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