Abstract
Long-term dietary intake influences the structure and activity of microorganisms residing in the human gut. The immune response and gut microbiota have a mutual influence on the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study examines the association of gut microbiota–related dietary factors and polymorphisms in the microRNA-binding site of the interleukin 13 gene (IL13) with the risk and prognosis of CRC. Three polymorphisms (rs847, rs848, and rs1295685) were selected for genotyping in a case–control study (513 cases, 572 controls), and 386 CRC patients were followed up. Two dietary factors closely related with gut microbiota (allium vegetables, overnight meal) were significantly associated with CRC development. Although the three SNPs showed no statistically significant associations with the risk and prognosis of CRC, a significant antagonistic interaction was found between rs848 (G–T) and allium vegetable intake (ORi (odds ratio of interaction), 0.92; 95% CI (confidence interval): 0.86, 0.99; P = 0.03); moreover, significant combined and synergistic interactions were observed for all three SNPs and overnight meal intake. This is the first report of significant combined and interactive effects between dietary factors and polymorphisms in the microRNA binding site of IL13 in CRC and may provide direct guidance on intake of allium vegetable and overnight meals for individuals with specific genetic variants of IL13 to modify their susceptibility to CRC.
Highlights
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health problem worldwide [1]
Among Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in microRNA binding sites, two SNPs in the interleukin 13 gene (IL13) 3′untranslated regions (UTRs) had the highest values of |ΔΔG tot|, we decided to examine polymorphisms in IL13 in this study
We first explored the associations between gut microbiota–related dietary factors, polymorphisms in miRNA-binding sites of the IL13 gene, and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC)
Summary
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health problem worldwide [1]. The World Health Organization reported that it is the third most common malignancy and the fourth most common cause of cancer mortality in the world in 2012. An increasing number of recent research studies have indicated that the gut microbiota is associated with a variety of diseases including obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, adenomas, and CRC [3,4,5]. As dietary factors influence the structure and activity of the microorganisms residing in the human gut, inter-individual differences in colorectal cancer susceptibility may be mediated by the mutual influence of inflammatory gene expression and dysbiosis of gut microbiota. It is unclear how the human inflammatory genome interacts with dietary factors to affect colorectal carcinogenesis
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