Dietary energy density affects the preference for protein or carbohydrate solutions and piglet performance after weaning

Abstract

Physiological state or dietary nutrient content can be determinants of the sensory perception with consequences for feed preferences. The aim of the present study was to assess whether the preference for protein or carbohydrate of piglets is affected by dietary energy density. In total, 240 weanling piglets (28 d old; initial BW 7.2 ± 1.1 kg) were allocated to 24 pens (10 pigs/pen) according to BW. Piglets were split up into 2 groups and had ad libitum access to a high energy (HE; 3.90 Mcal DE/kg; crude fat 129 g/kg) or a low energy (LE; 3.35 Mcal DE/kg; crude fat 60 g/kg) diet with similar CP content (190 g/kg). Piglet performance and preference for protein [porcine digestible peptides (PDP; Palbio 62SP, Bioibérica, Palafolls, Spain) 20 g/L] or carbohydrate (sucrose 20 g/L) solutions were measured on days 14 and 21 after weaning using a double-choice test (DCHT). The LE diet promoted a higher (P < 0.05) ADFI and ADG than the HE diet. Final BW on day 21 was higher (P < 0.001) for piglets fed the LE diet than piglets fed the HE diet (12.8 vs. 11.5 kg). Preference (P > 0.05) was not observed for protein or carbohydrate solutions on day 14 or 21 in piglets fed the LE diet. On the other hand, piglets fed the HE diet had higher (75% on day 14 and 65% on day 21; P < 0.01) preference for the sucrose solution. Dietary energy level and consequent nutrient imbalances, such as dietary protein-to-energy ratio, may affect feed preference for protein or carbohydrate solutions in piglets.