Abstract
Management of fish health is one of the main considerations in aquaculture and different plant compounds are being used for supporting fish health to minimize the negative impacts of synthetic aqua drugs. In the present experiment, potentiality of moringa (Moringa oleifera; Lamarck, 1785) leaf as a nutritious dietary source for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus; Linnaeus, 1758) fish was tested and the duration was two months from 30th September to 30th November, 2020. The moringa leaves were brought, cleaned, dried, and finally crushed into powder. Three experimental diets were formulated using the processed moringa leaf powder (MLP) at the rate of 0% (MLP0%) as control, 10% (MLP10%) and 20% (MLP20%) as treatment mixing with rice bran, wheat bran, mustard oil cake, fish meal, soya oil and vitamin-mineral premix. Fifteen tilapia fingerlings having average initial length 10.88±0.11 cm and initial weight 29.06±0.50 g was stocked in each tank with 90 L water. Sixty days feeding trial was performed with three replications of each treatment. The fishes were fed with formulated feeds twice daily at 9 am and 4 pm at a rate of 3% of their body mass. Sampling of fish and water quality parameters were carried out at twelve days interval. Moreover, the blood glucose and cholesterol of tilapia were measured monthly. Final length, final weight, weight gain, percent weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR) and production of tilapia were significantly different among the treatments. The highest FCR (3.17±0.25) and SGR (1.33±0.12 %) values were in MLP20% and MLP10%, respectively. In the experiment, the highest and the lowest tilapia production were 9.21±0.39 and 7.39±0.35 kg m-3 in MLP10% and MLP20%, respectively. The blood glucose values were significantly different among the treatments (p< 0.05) and the highest value was in MLP0% (48.00±2.00 mg dl-1). Moreover, the highest and the lowest blood cholesterol was found in MLP0% (177.67±2.52 mg dl-1) and MLP20% (148.33±1.53 mg dl-1), respectively whereas the values were highly significantly different among the treatments (p≤ 0.01). Water quality parameters were statistically similar among the treatments (p> 0.05) and the values were within acceptable range for tilapia culture. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2021, 7 (2), 153-163
Highlights
Fish is a cheap and digestible animal protein source significantly contributing to the national food basket of Bangladesh
Three experimental diets were made for the fish using moringa leaf powder that was processed at the rate of 0%, 10% and 20% denoting as MLP0%, MLP10% and MLP20%, respectively (Table 1)
Higher length gain in MLP10% than MLP0% and MLP20% might be due to the efficient diet of MLP10% for tilapia (Table 2)
Summary
Fish is a cheap and digestible animal protein source significantly contributing to the national food basket of Bangladesh. Aquaculture sector is a major contributor towards fish supply and its rapid development leads to the intensification of the culture practices (Nadia et al, 2021; Srichaiyo et al, 2020). The continuous and uncontrolled intensification of aquaculture creates several health risks of fish such as poor growth, infectious and non-infectious diseases (Hussain et al, 2018). Till chemotherapy is the only option for prevention and management of aquaculture disease outbreaks which negatively affect the environment and human health (Faruk et al, 2021; Jahan et al, 2021). In recent years attention is given towards eco-friendly and sustainable.
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