Abstract
BackgroundsPregnancy related complications are major causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diversified food consumption is essential to produce hormones during pregnancy and it reduced complications. In Ethiopia, many researchers were investigated about the proportion of pregnant women with dietary diversity and its determinant factors. However, those studies are inconsistent and fragmented. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the pooled proportion of pregnant women with dietary diversity practice and its associated factors in Ethiopia.MethodsWe conducted a systematic electronic web-based search of PubMed/ /MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Google online databases for identifying studies on proportion of pregnant women with dietary diversity practice and its associated factors in Ethiopia using pre-defined quality and inclusion criteria. STATA version 14 statistical software was used to analyze the data. We extracted relevant data and presented in tabular form. The I2 test was used to assess heterogeneity across studies. Funnel plot asymmetry and Begg’s test were used to check for publication bias. The final effect size was determined by applying a random-effects model.ResultsOur search identified 170 studies. Of which, 23 were included in the final analysis stage. The pooled proportion of dietary diversity among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 41% (95% CI: 33, 49). Mothers can read and write (OR = 1.82 (95% CI: 1.25, 2.64)), maternal primary school and above educated (OR = 2.11 (95% CI: 1.10, 4.05)), nutritional information (OR = 4.1 (95% CI: 2.1, 7.99), dietary diversity knowledge (OR = 3.4 (95% CI: 2.73, 4.73)) and household had rich wealth index (OR = 3.45 (95% CI: 1.19, 10.1)) were significantly associated with dietary diversity practice during pregnancy.ConclusionsIn this meta-analysis; we found that low proportion of pregnant women with adequate dietary diversity in Ethiopia (41%). Maternal education, nutritional information, dietary diversity knowledge and wealth index level of household were significantly associated factors of pregnant woman with dietary diversity practice. This finding implies that improving the awareness of woman about dietary diversity during pregnancy and empowering women economically would play a significant role to improve dietary diversity practice.
Highlights
Pregnancy related complications are a major public health problem in the world
The pooled proportion of dietary diversity among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 41%
Dietary diversity among pregnant women and associated factors in Ethiopia primary school and above educated (OR = 2.11), nutritional information (OR = 4.1, dietary diversity knowledge (OR = 3.4) and household had rich wealth index (OR = 3.45) were significantly associated with dietary diversity practice during pregnancy
Summary
Pregnancy related complications are a major public health problem in the world. To reduce it, diversified food consumption is essential during pregnancy. Dietary diversity intake fulfills the requirements of minerals and vitamins of a pregnant woman and the growing of the fetus. For healthy development of fetus taking Minerals and Vitamins are important. Dietary diversity is the consumption of a variety of food which is nutritionally adequate over a reference period [1,2,3]. Researchers suggested that nutrition information, education, monthly income, dietary knowledge, family size, age, ownership of radio, having an illness, and husband occupation as factors those affect the dietary practices of pregnant women [4,5,6,7]
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