Abstract
Solid-state fermentation of feedstuffs by Bacillus subtilis MA139 can reduce insoluble dietary fiber content in vitro and improve growth performance in pigs. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary corn bran (CB) fermented by B. subtilis on growth performance and gut microbiota composition in finishing pigs. A total of 60 finishing pigs were allocated to 3 dietary treatments consisting of a control (CON) diet, a 10% CB diet, and a 10% fermented CB (FCB) diet in a 21 d feeding trial. Growth performance and nutrient digestibility were evaluated. Fecal samples were determined for bacterial community diversity by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The dietary CB and FCB did not affect growth performance of finishing pigs. The digestibility of organic matter was decreased in both CB and FCB treatments compared with CON group (P < 0.05). The α-diversity for bacterial community analysis of Chao 1 in FCB treatment was lower than CON treatment (P < 0.05). The Fibrobacteres phylum belongs to cellulolytic bacteria was isolated, and their relative abundance in CB group showed no difference between CON and FCB treatments. The abundance of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group in CB treatment was higher than CON and FCB groups (P < 0.05), whereas the population of norank_f_Prevotellaceae was higher in FCB group compared to CON and CB groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary FCB decreased the abundance of bacterial communities, particularly the population of bacteria related to cellulolytic degradation.
Highlights
The consumption of dietary fiber plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis of the gut ecosystem
There were no differences in average daily feed intake (ADFI), Average daily gain (ADG), and Feed conversion ratio (FCR) among the dietary treatments (Table 2), which indicated that there are no effect on growth performance when treated by dietary corn bran (CB) and fermented CB (FCB)
This study was performed to compare the effect of CB and FCB inclusion on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut microbiota composition in finishing pigs
Summary
The consumption of dietary fiber plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis of the gut ecosystem. High fiber diets improved intestinal morphology, mucin secretion, and growth of beneficial bacteria (Hedemann et al, 2009; Chen H. et al, 2015; Tian et al, 2017). This has been attributed to the role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the gut health and they are end-products of dietary fiber fermented by gut microbiota (Chen J. et al, 2015). Some reports indicated that fiberrich diets increased weight gain (Bertram et al, 2009; Gerritsen et al, 2012), while other researchers showed reduced growth or no influence on growth performance accompanied by reduced digestibility of nutrients and energy (Jaworski et al, 2017; Morowitz et al, 2017)
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