Dietary Copper Intake and Risk of Stroke in Adults: A Case-Control Study Based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2018.

Lixiang Yang,Xun Chen,Huilin Cheng,Lihua Zhang

doi:10.3390/nu14030409

Lixiang Yang, Xun Chen + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030409

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Abstract

The association between dietary copper intake and the risk of stroke is unknown. We included a total of 10,550 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2018. Two 24-h dietary recalls and a standard questionnaire were used to determine copper intake and stroke, respectively. We used logistic regression models to estimate the associations between dietary copper intake and the risk of stroke. The nearest-neighbor propensity score matching (PSM) with a ratio of 1:2 was used to reduce selection bias. The non-linear relationship was explored with restricted cubic splines (RCS). The correlation between copper intake and baseline characteristics was detected by the Pearson correlation coefficient. The median dietary copper intake was 1.072 mg/day (IQR = 1.42–0.799). Approximately 3.8% (399) of the participants had a history of stroke. A multivariate logistic regression analysis before and after matching showed that subjects in the higher quartile had significantly lower odds of stroke compared with subjects in the first quartile of copper intake. A stratified analysis showed that copper intake was a significant protective factor for women, individuals <65 years old, individuals with hypertension, individuals who smoke, and diabetic stroke patients. The RCS models showed an L-shaped nonlinear relationship (p for nonlinear < 0.001) between copper intake and stroke. Our results suggested that increased dietary copper intake was associated with a lower risk of stroke.

Highlights

Stroke is currently the second leading cause of death in the world after ischemic heart disease [1]
The etiology and pathological process of stroke are complex, which can interfere with cerebral blood flow, thereby damaging normal brain tissues and causing central nervous system damage
To clarify the relationship between dietary copper intake and stroke risk more clearly, we conducted an restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis before and after matching. In both the unadjusted (Figure S1) and adjusted models (Figure 5), we found that there was an L-shaped association between dietary copper intake and stroke risk

Summary

Introduction

Stroke is currently the second leading cause of death in the world after ischemic heart disease [1]. 86.5 per 100,000 people worldwide die of stroke every year [2]. The etiology and pathological process of stroke are complex, which can interfere with cerebral blood flow, thereby damaging normal brain tissues and causing central nervous system damage. Stroke survivors may be left with speech, cognitive, and strength dysfunction [3]. Previous studies have shown that hypertension, diabetes, etc. Are the main risk factors for stroke [4], it is very necessary to identify new risk factors and provide information for the primary prevention of stroke. The role of the trace element copper in nervous system disease has received attention [5,6]

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