Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation Leads to Downregulation of PPAR Transcription in Broiler Chickens and Reduction of Adipocyte Cellularity.

Suriya Kumari Ramiah,Goh Yong Meng,Mahdi Ebrahimi,Yeap Swee Keong,Tan Sheau Wei

doi:10.1155/2014/137652

Suriya Kumari Ramiah, Goh Yong Meng + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/137652

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Journal: PPAR research	Publication Date: Jan 1, 2014
Citations: 82	License type: CC BY 3.0

Affiliation: Universiti Putra Malaysia

Abstract

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) act as an important ligand for nuclear receptors in adipogenesis and fat deposition in mammals and avian species. This study aimed to determine whether similar effects are plausible on avian abdominal fat adipocyte size, as well as abdominal adipogenic transcriptional level. CLA was supplemented at different levels, namely, (i) basal diet without CLA (5% palm oil) (CON), (ii) basal diet with 2.5% CLA and 2.5% palm oil (LCLA), and (iii) basal diet with 5% CLA (HCLA).The content of cis-9, trans-11 CLA was between 1.69- and 2.3-fold greater (P < 0.05) than that of trans-10, cis-12 CLA in the abdominal fat of the LCLA and HCLA group. The adipogenic capacity of the abdominal fat depot in LCLA and HCLA fed chicken is associated with a decreased proportion of adipose cells and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). The transcriptional level of adipocyte protein (aP2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) was downregulated by 1.08- to 2.5-fold in CLA supplemented diets, respectively. It was speculated that feeding CLA to broiler chickens reduced adipocyte size and downregulated PPARγ and aP2 that control adipocyte cellularity. Elevation of CLA isomers into their adipose tissue provides a potential CLA-rich source for human consumption.

Highlights

Modern bird strains tend to accumulate excess fat [1]
The monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in abdominal fat was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the HCLA treatment group compared to control animals (CON) and LCLA
The ratios of n-6 : n-3 fatty acid, PUFA : SFA in the abdominal fat of HCLA treatment group were significantly lower compared to the CON and LCLA treatment groups

Summary

Introduction

Modern bird strains tend to accumulate excess fat [1]. This tendency has proven to be one of the main problems for poultry producers as it has a negative effect on the broiler industry today because excessive fat deposits result in lower meat yields [2]. There are evidences that the growth pattern of fat depots in chickens can be affected by dietary factors [3,4,5]. CLA is a mixture of mainly cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 isomers. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that the inclusion of CLA in the diet modulates cell growth, nutrient utilization, nutrient storage, and lipid metabolism mainly in rodents and pigs [10, 11].

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