Dietary Complexation of Peanut Protein to Polyphenolic Extracts Reduces Peanut Specific Plasma IgE levels in Peanut Sensitized C3H/HeJ mice

Abstract

Peanut Allergy is a common food allergy that can cause severe anaphylaxis reactions in children and adults. Treatment strategies that are utilized to combat peanut allergy includes but not limited to strict avoidance and rescue medication upon exposure to peanut. Oral immunotherapy is another strategies used to increase the threshold of peanut sensitivity in individuals who are allergic to peanut. Cross‐linking of dietary proteins by polyphenols can change their structural and immunological properties and can affect the protein's, thermal and morphological properties. Thus the purpose of this study was to determine whether the peanut proteins complexes to polyphenols extract would reduce allergic response in C3H/HeJ mice. Five‐week‐old C3H/HeJ mice were purchased. Before exposing mice to protein‐polyphenols aggregates of either low (15%: w/w) or high (40%; w/w) complexation ratios of blueberry (BB‐Low and BB‐High) and cranberry (CB‐Low and CB‐High) extract, mice were sensitized to peanut flour. Peanut sensitivity was also established by measuring the increase in peanut specific plasma IgE and IgG levels before treatment. Once the final peanut challenge, animals were scored for anaphylactic reactions, sacrificed, and blood samples were collected. Tissues samples aliquot from the liver, adipose, pancreas, spleen, and small intestine were collected and frozen at −80oC. Western blot analysis of spleen lysates revealed CD63/ant‐IgE protein expression was reduced by 35% and 44% in CB‐low and CB‐high diet groups, respectively, compared to the control. The reduction in CD63/anti‐IgE protein expression was 22% and 53% in BB‐low and BB‐high diet, respectively when compared to the control group. Therefore, our results demonstrate that the complexation for polyphenols to peanut flour can potentially lower plasma IgE of peanut‐sensitized C3H/HeJ mice.Support or Funding InformationUSDA NIFA: 240792This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.