Abstract
Fish oil has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects, and to reduce serum triacylglycerol (TAG) levels by stimulating lipid oxidation and inhibiting lipogenesis in the liver. A small number of studies have demonstrated the synergistic effect of fish oil and other bioactive components. This study examined the effect of fish oil in combination with porcine hemoglobin (Hb) hydrolysates on serum and liver lipid contents in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups; one group was fed a casein and soybean oil-based semi-purified basal diet and other three groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 2% fish oil, 0.175% Hb hydrolysates, and 2% fish oil plus 0.175% Hb hydrolysates, respectively, for 4 weeks. The fish oil diet decreased serum and liver TAG contents but did not change serum and liver cholesterol levels. The dietary combination of fish oil and Hb hydrolysates decreased serum and liver TAG and cholesterol contents owing to the additive effect of both compounds, and this diet reduced the serum non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol content as a result of a synergistic effect. This hypolipidemic effect was in part caused by enhanced excretion of fecal fatty acids, neutral steroids, and acidic steroids. The results of this study suggest that the combined intake of fish oil and Hb hydrolysates may play beneficial roles in the prevention of cardiovascular disease as compared with fish oil alone.
Highlights
Epidemiological studies have suggested that the consumption of seafood can prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1]
The health benefits of seafood have principally been associated with high intakes of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) [2]
Saify et al suggested that the combined administration of fish oil and lovastatin (Mevacor®) result in a significant reduction in high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol content compared with fish oil treatment alone [7]
Summary
Epidemiological studies have suggested that the consumption of seafood can prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1]. Dietary fish oil has been linked to preventing arrhythmia [3], decreasing triacylglycerol (TAG) by stimulating fatty acid β-oxidation, and inhibiting fatty acid synthesis in the liver [4]. These beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs involving reduction of TAG and enhancement of anti-inflammation, membrane fluidity, anti-arrhythmic and antithrombotic effects mediated protection against CVD as a. A previous systematic review of randomized controlled trials demonstrated that dietary n-3 PUFAs decrease serum TAG levels but did not lower serum cholesterol content [6]. The results demonstrate that functional foods and supplements containing fish oil could be developed with the addition of Hb hydrolysates
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