Dietary chlortetracycline induces differential effects on the accuracy of quantitative computed tomography and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in assessing vertebral bone mineral density in growing pigs

Abstract

The effect of dietary chlortetracycline (CTC) on the bone mineral density (BMD) of growing pigs was assessed using quantitative computed tomography (qCT) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Pigs of 28 and 84 days old were given either drug-free (n=48) or CTC-fortified (800 ppm) diets for 56 days. At day 28, eight control pigs were selected for qCT and DXA, and their second lumbar vertebrae were removed. Eight control and eight CTC-treated animals were selected at days 84 and 140, respectively, and six pigs from each of these groups were assessed at day 168. Several CTC-exposure variables had significant effects (P<0.05) on the relationships between qCT-, trabecular- and vertebral body-BMD (R2 increments of 0.03 and 0.01, respectively) and between DXA-, trabecular- and vertebral body-BMD (R2 increments of 0.40 and 0.10, respectively). The findings of this study demonstrate that the qCT method is more reliable than the DXA technique in monitoring tetracycline-induced changes in porcine vertebral BMD. The magnitude of the effect of the drug treatment on the DXA-BMD estimation was surprisingly high, suggesting that DXA should not be used to monitor such changes in growing pigs. In contrast, the marginal influence of drug treatment on the qCT-BMD assessment suggests that this methodology is useful in this context. Furthermore, the qCT method may also have applications in the investigation of the effect of other osteotropic substances or bone metabolism modulators on BMD.