Dietary B group vitamin intake and the bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies

Iris W A Boot,Pietro Ferrari,Maree Brinkman,Matthias B Schulze,Bas Bueno-De-Mesquita,Evan Y W Yu,Maurice P Zeegers,Piet Van Den Brandt,Anke Wesselius,Bjorn Gylling,Emily White,Eric J Grant,Maria Jose-Sanchez,Elisabete Weiderpass

doi:10.1007/s00394-022-02805-2

Abstract

PurposeDiet may play an essential role in the aetiology of bladder cancer (BC). The B group complex vitamins involve diverse biological functions that could be influential in cancer prevention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between various components of the B group vitamin complex and BC risk.MethodsDietary data were pooled from four cohort studies. Food item intake was converted to daily intakes of B group vitamins and pooled multivariate hazard ratios (HRs), with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were obtained using Cox-regression models. Dose–response relationships were examined using a nonparametric test for trend.ResultsIn total, 2915 BC cases and 530,012 non-cases were included in the analyses. The present study showed an increased BC risk for moderate intake of vitamin B1 (HRB1: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.00–1.20). In men, moderate intake of the vitamins B1, B2, energy-related vitamins and high intake of vitamin B1 were associated with an increased BC risk (HR (95% CI): 1.13 (1.02–1.26), 1.14 (1.02–1.26), 1.13 (1.02–1.26; 1.13 (1.02–1.26), respectively). In women, high intake of all vitamins and vitamin combinations, except for the entire complex, showed an inverse association (HR (95% CI): 0.80 (0.67–0.97), 0.83 (0.70–1.00); 0.77 (0.63–0.93), 0.73 (0.61–0.88), 0.82 (0.68–0.99), 0.79 (0.66–0.95), 0.80 (0.66–0.96), 0.74 (0.62–0.89), 0.76 (0.63–0.92), respectively). Dose–response analyses showed an increased BC risk for higher intake of vitamin B1 and B12.ConclusionOur findings highlight the importance of future research on the food sources of B group vitamins in the context of the overall and sex-stratified diet.

Highlights

With an estimated 549,393 new cases and 199,922 deaths in 2018, bladder cancer (BC) is the tenth most common cancer worldwide [1]
A decreased muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) risk was observed for high intake of the vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, B9 the vitamins related to energy metabolism, oxidative stress reduction and DNA stability ( HRB1: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77–0.97, H RB2: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.78–0.98, HRB3: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.72–0.90, HRB6: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79–0.99, H RB9: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77–0.96, HRenergy metabolism: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.75–0.95, HRoxidative stress: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79–0.98, HRDNA stability: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75–0.95) (Table 4)
Moderate intake of the vitamins B1, B2 and the vitamins related to energy metabolism showed to be associated with a small increased BC risk among men (HRB1: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.02–1.26, HRB2: 1.14, 95%CI: 1.02–1.26, H Renergy metabolism: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.02–1.26)

Summary

Introduction

With an estimated 549,393 new cases and 199,922 deaths in 2018, bladder cancer (BC) is the tenth most common cancer worldwide [1]. More than half of all BC cases occur in higher income countries, with the highest incidence rates in North America and Europe and the lowest in Africa. Due to high recurrence rates, BC is an expensive malignancy to treat from diagnosis to death, with estimated costs ranging from USD 89,287 to USD 202,203 per patient [2]. Bladder cancer is the most expensive malignancy to treat of all cancers [3]. BC is an important public health problem. Extended author information available on the last page of the article

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