Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective Review the diet and nutritional status of women surviving breast cancer following the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 201 women, who underwent anthropometric measurements to determine body mass index, waist circumference and waist/hip ratio. Dietary assessment was performed usinga food frequency questionnaire. Consumption was stratifi ed into four groups: fresh/minimally processed food (Group 1), processed food ingredients (Group 2), processed food (Group 3) and ultra-processed food (Group 4).The ratio of daily contribution of each food group to total calories and macronutrients supply was calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square tests and Spearman correlation, with p<0.05 as significance level. Results The mean age was 50 ± 11 years. An abdominal fat accumulation with a high excess weight condition in women under 60 years of age (p=0.003) was observed. A greater intake of group 1 food, but contributing with about 1/3 of the calories and macronutrients total intake as compared to food groups 3 and 4 was also observed. Conclusion The women assessed consumed a higher proportion of calories and macronutrients from fresh/minimally processed food. There is no theoretical reference that allows to affirm that the amount of processed andultra-processed food consumed represents a health hazard for those women. There was no association between dietary intake, nutritional status and age group.
Highlights
Dietary assessment of women surviving breast cancer according to the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population
There was no association between dietary intake, nutritional status and age group
Breast cancer accounts for about 28% of new cancer cases each year
Summary
Breast cancer accounts for about 28% of new cancer cases each year. In Brazil, 59,700 new cases of breast cancer are estimated to develop in each year of the 2018-2019 biennium [1]. Obesity causes an increased risk of breast cancer due to high concentration of insulin, sex hormones and inflammation, and may negatively affect cancer survival, quality of life, disease recurrence and mortality [3]. Dietary assessment aiming at identifying risk factors for the onset of breast cancer and/or its recurrence has been studied more intensely over the last two decades, leading to the development. BREAST CANCER SURVIVORS ASSESSMENT 3 of preventive guidelines for both the onset of breast cancer and the disease recurrence. There are still several queries about the exact contribution of different components present in food in reducing or increasing the risk for the disease. There are unclear controversial aspects regarding nutritional status, such as premenopause or postmenopause interaction [2]
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