Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare nutrients intake, anthropometric, biochemical and psychiatric indices between shift working and day-time nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in which ninety eight female nurses (55 day-time workers and 43 shift workers) from six educational hospitals of Jondi-Shapour University of medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran were participated. A questionnaire including dietary, anthropometric, disease history and lifestyle pattern questions was completed and 3-day 24-hour recalls, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were collected. Serum hs-CRP and 25(OH)D3 concentrations were measured by immunoturbidimetric and electrochemiluminescent immunoassay method, respectively. Anthropometric indices were measured according to World health organization standard protocol. Independent sample t and chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: There was a lower dietary intake of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folate, magnesium and iron in shift worker compared with day-time nurses (p 3 levels, vitamin D deficiency percentage, hemoglobin and hematocrite concentrations, and also anthropometric and psychiatric variables were found between two groups. Duration of exposure to sunlight was significantly higher in shift workers than in day time nurses. Engagement time in weekly physical exercise was around 11 times greater in day-time nurses compared with the shift work nurses (p = 0.001). Conclusions: This study showed that shift working is associated with some nutritional deficiencies and sedentary lifestyle among female nurses.
Highlights
Shift work generally is defined as “work hours that are scheduled outside of daylight” [1]
This study showed that shift working nurses had lower dietary intakes of some B vitamins, two trace elements magnesium and iron compared with daytime nurses
Shift duties were associated with unhealthy lifestyle and nutritional imbalances accompanied by deficiencies of some B vitamin, magnesium and iron intakes among hospital shift nurses
Summary
Shift work generally is defined as “work hours that are scheduled outside of daylight” [1]. Shift duties were positively associated with abnormal eating habits among hospital nurses. Shift workers preferred to eat cold and fast foods and tend to have a nibble rather than a meal and have fewer meals over 24 hours [5]. These eating habit changes may increase or decrease intake of nutrients. Obesity has been shown to be more prevalent among shift workers and is associated with higher BMI, independently of age and work duration [5,6]. Several mechanisms explain weight gain in shift workers, such as higher calorie intake, changes in dietary habits such as eating fewer meals, more snacks and in the circadian distribution of food
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