Abstract
There has been evidence on the protective effects of diets high in fiber and low in red and processed meat (RPM), and physical activity (PA) against colorectal cancer (CRC) development, but that against CRC recurrence has been limited. This study evaluated the efficacy of a behavioral program comprising dietary and PA interventions in improving Chinese CRC survivors’ lifestyle. A 2 × 2 factorial randomized controlled trial of 223 CRC patients (82 females, mean age 65), randomly assigned to receive dietary, PA or both interventions, or usual care for 12 months, and assessed every 6 months for 24 months. Primary outcomes included two dietary and two PA targets. Secondary outcomes included changes in dietary consumptions and PA levels. Dietary interventions significantly increased the odds of achieving the targets of consuming less RPM at all time-points (OR 3.22–4.57, all p < 0.01) and refined grain (RG) at months 6 (OR 3.13, p = 0.002) and 24 (OR 2.19, p = 0.039), and reduced RPM (2.49–3.48 servings/week, all p < 0.01) and RG (0.31–0.5 servings/day, all p < 0.01) consumptions. Patients receiving PA interventions potentially spent more time on moderate-to-vigorous PA. This study demonstrated the efficacy of a behavioral program in improving dietary habits of Chinese CRC survivors.
Highlights
All these RCTs assessed only short-term effects at 12 weeks to 12 months post-intervention
We aimed to evaluate whether the dietary and physical activity (PA) interventions of the “Moving Bright, Eating Smart” program are effective in reducing the consumption of red and processed meat (RPM) and refined grain (RG), and increasing the PA levels in adult Chinese colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors
Between 1st May 2013 and 30th April 2014, 229 eligible patients consented to participate in the study (Fig. 1)
Summary
All these RCTs assessed only short-term effects at 12 weeks to 12 months post-intervention. When compared with the West, Chinese societies have their unique culture with distinct lifestyle habits. Differences can be found in PA, as in Chinese societies public transport (involving a certain amount of walking to/from transit points) is the main modality of transport[11], whilst private cars are more common in North America[12]. These lifestyle differences necessitate the need for evaluating behavioral interventions in a Chinese population. We aimed to evaluate whether the dietary and PA interventions of the “Moving Bright, Eating Smart” program are effective in reducing the consumption of RPM and refined grain (RG), and increasing the PA levels in adult Chinese CRC survivors
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