Abstract
Introduction: Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) needs to modify their lifestyle chiefly focusing on diet and fluid intake as the prognosis of these patients largely depends on adherence to the recommended nutritional regime. Non adherence to the suggested diet and fluids regime leads to rapid worsening of the condition. Methods: Cross sectional survey was conducted to determine the level of adherence to the dietary and fluids restriction among CKD patients. Inclusion criteria’s was, age between 18- 65 years, patients with CKD for at least 6 months and received dietary counseling. Consecutive sampling technique was used to select 100 patients. Data was collected with self-reported Dialysis Diet and Fluid non adherence Questionnaire (DDFQ). Results: Majority (73%) of the subjects was males, 64% belongs to 40-60 years age, majority of them were unemployed. Mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 20.52 kg/m2, the mean duration of the treatment is 2.15 years and mean fluid intake was 2153ml ml/day and inter-dialytic weight gain was 1.48 kg. Regarding adherence, 20% of them had mild deviation and 69% of them had moderate deviation from dietary restrictions and similarly 69 % of the participants had moderate deviation, and 22% of them had mild deviation from fluid restriction guidelines. Low level of adherence to fluid and diet restrictions was noted in illiterate patients which was significant P<0.05. Conclusion: In spite of the dietary counseling, considerable proportions of the patients were non adherent to the diet and fluid restrictions which necessitate regular counseling to patient and family members.
Highlights
Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) needs to modify their lifestyle focusing on diet and fluid intake as the prognosis of these patients largely depends on adherence to the recommended nutritional regime
All the CKD patients who were undergoing dialysis or attending Out Patient Department (OPD) for follow-up and who met inclusion criteria was included in the study
Personal interview was conducted at one time from eligible CKD patients with the help of self-reported Dialysis Diet and Fluid Non Adherence questionnaire (DDFQ) which has internal consistency of 0.89 with criterion related validity of r =0.6
Summary
Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) needs to modify their lifestyle focusing on diet and fluid intake as the prognosis of these patients largely depends on adherence to the recommended nutritional regime. As a result of this, patients have to take a huge number of pills They have to be under strict dietary and fluid restriction.[1,2]. This leads to a greater personal as well as financial burden on the person and his family This shows that adherence to dietary and fluid restrictions in patients with CKD are of major concern. The dietary adaptations play a vital role in maintaining the kidney function among patients with CKD The dietary modifications such as changes in the energy intake, intake of macronutrients, minerals and fluids can significantly reduce the risk for increased mortality and morbidity.[3,4,5] It has been observed that between 20 - 78% of the patients are non-adherent to diet and fluid restrictions because of the modification in their long-standing individual routine life
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