Dietary adherence and associated factors among hypertensive patients in Bahir Dar city Administration, Ethiopia, 2020

Abstract

IntroductionHypertension is considered one of the most challenging public health problems worldwide. Adherence to the recommended diet has a key role to reduce uncontrolled hypertension and hypertension-related complications. A study on dietary adherence among hypertensive patients and associated factors are limited in Ethiopia. So, this study aimed to assess dietary adherence and associated factors among hypertensive patients in Bahir Dar city governmental hospitals, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted at Bahir Dar city governmental hospitals from February- March 2020. Proportional allocation and systematic random sampling techniques were used to select 386 individuals with hypertension. The logistic regression model was used to assess the association between predictors and dietary adherence. The association was interpreted using the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. ResultIn this the proportion of dietary adherence was 32.8 % (CI: 28.0, 37.6). Educational level college and above (AOR = 3.0, CI = 1.26, 7.08), received nutritional education (AOR = 1.9, CI = 1.05, 3.62), knowledgeable about hypertension (AOR = 2.5, CI = 1.36, 4.58), who had no co-morbidities (AOR = 2.8, CI = 1.49, 5.20), who lived two to four years with hypertension (AOR = 2.4, CI = 1.17, 5.07), and who had strong social support (AOR = 7.1, CI = 2.85, 17.46) had significantly association with dietary adherence. ConclusionThis study demonstrated that participants have low adherence to dietary recommendation Therefore, availed a social network of family and friends; providing dietary education to address the participants’ knowledge of hypertension, promote survival skill to new diagnosed and considered co-morbidities are an integral part of overall health in people with hypertension.