Abstract
BackgroundsNumerous studies have revealed the role of dietary acid load as a potential risk factor for cardiovascular events and blood pressure. However, its role in predicting the mortality rate in patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) has not been reported. In the current study we aimed to evaluate the relationship of dietary acid load and cardio-metabolic risk factors with ten year survival among patients underwent CABG.MethodsThe current prospective cohort study comprises 454 patients underwent CABG. Anthropometric, clinical and biochemical measurements were performed. Dietary acid load was calculated as either potential renal acid load (PRAL) or net endogenous acid production (NEPA) using the data obtained from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier method followed by log-rank test. The association between all-cause mortality and study parameters was performed with Cox-proportional hazard model.ResultsPatients in the higher PRAL and NEAP quartiles had lower BMI and lower ejection fraction rate (P <0.05). Moreover, lower hematocrit values were observed in patients of higher PRAL quartiles. Higher PRAL scores were associated with higher mortality rate and reduced survival days (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.023 (1.00–1.04; P-value = 0.01). However, there was no relationship between NEAP and survival.ConclusionsWe revealed that high PRAL scores are positive predictors of 10-year mortality in patients underwent CABG. The results of our study suggest that maintaining an adequate acid-base balance can contribute to longevity by reducing the risk of mortality.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), as one of the most important causes of death and disability in the world, is responsible for more than 12% of the universal disease burden [1,2]
Dietary acid load was calculated as either potential renal acid load (PRAL) or net endogenous acid production (NEPA) using the data obtained from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ)
This part of the project is a registered project by Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and its protocol has been approved by Patients in the higher PRAL and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) quartiles had lower BMI and lower ejection fraction rate (P
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), as one of the most important causes of death and disability in the world, is responsible for more than 12% of the universal disease burden [1,2]. Several studies have been focused on the impact of diet-induced acid load on cardiometabolic risk factors [13,15]. Numerous studies have shown that high dietary acid load has been related to an undesirable profile of cardiometabolic risk factors including hypertension [17,18], insulin resistance [19], hypertriglyceridemia [17], type 2 diabetes [20,21], high LDL cholesterol [17] and central obesity [22]. In the current study we aimed to evaluate the relationship of dietary acid load, represented by both NEAP and PRAL scores, with cardiometabolic risk factors and 10 year survival among patients underwent CABG
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