Abstract
Abstract Miniature toadlet species of the genus Brachycephalus are endemic to the Atlantic rain forest of Brazil, and little is known about their biology and ecology. We present data on the diet of Brachycephalus pitanga in both rainy and dry seasons and compare the diet to the prey available in leaf litter. We analyzed the stomach contents of 30 specimens: 20 of them collected in the rainy season and 10 in the dry season. Two hundred fifty-nine prey were identified, including spiders, mites, collembolans, ants, hemipterans, dipterans, and coleopterans. In the leaf litter, we identified 1,056 potential prey—676 in the rainy season and 380 in the dry season—belonging to 11 categories, with mites, collembolans, and ants being the most common potential prey. Toadlets consumed a larger number of prey but less volume and less taxonomic diversity in dry season compared to the rainy season. In the rainy season, females ate a larger number of items and a greater diversity than males, but their niche breadths were...
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