Abstract
BackgroundMicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of small noncoding RNAs, which targets on thousands of mRNA and thus plays important roles in many biological processes. It has been reported that miRNA has cross-species regulation functions between parasitoid-host, or plant-animal, etc. For example, several plant miRNAs enter into the honey bees and regulate gene expression. However, whether cross-species regulation function of miRNAs is a universal mechanism remains a debate question.ResultsWe have evaluated transmission of miRNAs from sunflower and sedr plants into the midgut of honey bee using RNA-Seq analyses complemented with confirmation by RT-qPCR. The results showed that at least 11 plant miRNAs were found in the midgut of honey bee feeding by sunflower and sedr pollen. Among which, nine miRNAs, including miR-30d, miR-143, miR-148a, miR-21, let-7 g, miR-26a, miR-126, miR-27a, and miR-203, were shared between the sunflower- and sedr-fed honey bees, suggesting they might have essential roles in plant-insect interactions. Moreover, existence of these co-shared miRNAs presents a strong evidence to support the successful transmission of miRNAs into the midgut of the insect. In total, 121 honeybee mRNAs were predicted to be the target of these 11 plant-derived miRNAs. Interestingly, a sedr-derived miRNA, miR-206, targets on 53 honeybee genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) analyses showed that these target genes are significantly involved in hippo signaling pathway-fly, Wnt signaling pathway, and N-Glycan biosynthesis.ConclusionsIn summary, these results provide evidence of cross-species regulation function of miRNA between honeybee and flowering host plants, extending our understanding of the molecular interactions between plants and animals.
Highlights
MicroRNA is a class of small noncoding RNAs, which targets on thousands of mRNA and plays important roles in many biological processes
The results show that 11 plant miRNAs are found in the midgut of nurse honey bees fed with sunflower pollen or sedr pollen
RNA-seq of sRNA libraries from sunflower and Sedr pollen To obtain an overview of the sRNAs repertories in pollen samples, four sRNA libraries were constructed in sunflower and sedr pollen
Summary
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of small noncoding RNAs, which targets on thousands of mRNA and plays important roles in many biological processes. It has been reported that miRNA has cross-species regulation functions between parasitoid-host, or plant-animal, etc. Whether cross-species regulation function of miRNAs is a universal mechanism remains a debate question. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNAs (sRNAs), which are functionality significant and approximately 19–24 nucleotide (nt) in size. They are known as regulators of gene expression by binding to open reading frames (ORF) or untranslated region (UTR) of specific mRNAs, targeting them for cleavage or Recent studies revealed that miRNAs have exogenous roles as well. Cross-species translocation of dietderived small RNAs to ingesting organisms has been described in both vertebrates [12] and invertebrates [13, 14]
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