Diet and Oxidative Status. The Dietary Pattern and Urinary 8-Isoprostane in Healthy Spanish Women

Ruiz Ruiz,Segarra Segarra,Ramírez-Sánchez Ramírez-Sánchez,Lara Lara,Prieto Prieto

doi:10.3390/antiox8080271

Ruiz Ruiz, Segarra Segarra + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8080271

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Abstract

The Mediterranean diet is associated with a low incidence of physiologic and metabolic non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, obesity, and insulin resistance. These chronic diseases are closely related to oxidative status, which is determined by the balance between oxidant and antioxidant levels. The Mediterranean diet is rich in foods with important antioxidant properties, such as fruits and extra virgin olive oil. The aim of this work was to establish the relationship between dietary patterns, the total intake of polyphenols, and the levels of 8-isoprostanes in urine, as a marker of lipid peroxidation, in a group of healthy Spanish women. The main sources of dietary polyphenols were fruits, vegetables, pulses, nuts, and extra virgin olive oil. There was a significant and positive correlation between the estimated intake of polyphenols, total polyphenols excreted in urine, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and the intake of specific food groups. A positive correlation was established between the total polyphenols in urine and the intake of raw extra virgin olive oil. However, a negative correlation was established between the amount of 8-isoprostanes in urine, total intake of polyphenols, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and the intake of fruits and nuts. These results indicate an association between oxidative status and the intake of foods that are typical of the Mediterranean diet, in healthy women. Furthermore, the results demonstrate the use of urine 8-isoprostanes as a marker of adherence to the Mediterranean diet.

Highlights

The Mediterranean diet is characterized by a high intake of plant foods, such as vegetables, fruits, nuts and seeds, cereals, and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), as the main source of dietary fat
They provide a protective role against most chronic diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, which has been demonstrated in several studies [4], and supports the role of the Mediterranean diet as one of the healthiest dietary models available around the world
These effects have been related to the intake of food groups that are included in Mediterranean diet

Summary

Introduction

The Mediterranean diet is characterized by a high intake of plant foods, such as vegetables, fruits, nuts and seeds, cereals, and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), as the main source of dietary fat. Plant foods provide an excellent source of antioxidants, which preserve foods from farm to plate and maintain the stability of nutrients, and the functionality of other minor components [3]. They provide a protective role against most chronic diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, which has been demonstrated in several studies [4], and supports the role of the Mediterranean diet as one of the healthiest dietary models available around the world. The olive tree (Olea europaea L., family Oleaceae) produces its own battery of polyphenols. These polyphenols are found in EVOO, and include hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, oleuropein, Antioxidants 2019, 8, 271; doi:10.3390/antiox8080271 www.mdpi.com/journal/antioxidants

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