Diesel-Injection Equipment Parts Deterioration after Prolonged Use of Biodiesel

Dimitrios N Tziourtzioumis,Anastassios M Stamatelos

doi:10.3390/en12101953

Dimitrios N Tziourtzioumis, Anastassios M Stamatelos

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/en12101953

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Abstract

The application of biodiesel blends is known to significantly affect operation of diesel-injection equipment, especially the injectors and fuel pump. This paper summarizes experience on this subject from burning fuel blends with high-percentages of biodiesel (up to 70%) on a common-rail, high-pressure-injection diesel engine and a conventional DI engine. Both engines were unable to start after running for 100 h each and staying shut off for more than two months. In order to understand the wear characteristics of the injector nozzle, pump pistons, and elastomer parts (in the case of the high-pressure pump of the common-rail engine), due to the prolonged operation with high-percentage biodiesel blends, their injectors and pumps parts were examined and compared by performing normal photography and low magnification microscopy. Additionally, the various elastomer parts of the high-pressure fuel pump of the common-rail engine were examined for wear and deterioration. The results are compared with existing literature results from other researchers. The observed deterioration of diesel-injection equipment is caused by use of high-percentage biodiesel blends and subsequent engine shut down.

Highlights

Biodiesel is defined as the mono alkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats
Biodiesel is characterized by poor oxidation stability causes to over stability thatthat causes the the fuelfuel to biodegrade over time
This paper summarizes experience on the deterioration of diesel-injection equipment parts from section are adjusted, so that the gap between the side surface of the plunger and the inner surface of the use fuelisblends with high-percentages of biodiesellubrication on a common-rail, the of barrel approximately

Summary

Introduction

Biodiesel is defined as the mono alkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats. The term fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) [1] is often used as a generic expression for the trans-esters of these naturally occurring triglycerides, which find application as either a replacement for or a blending component for use with fossil-derived diesel. Significant variation in product quality and specification is allowed by legislation for products generally described as biodiesel. The influence of biodiesel blends on the steady-state and transient performance and emissions of various diesel engine types has been extensively reported in the literature [2,3,4]. The use of biodiesel blends with less than 10% biodiesel on diesel fuel is generally considered favorable mainly for the engine particulate emissions, but it is legislated for sustainability reasons.

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